CJUS P 100 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I History and Structure of Policing A History of Policing B The new Police II Peel s 9 Principles III Early policing in America A New technologies B Management IV Patrol A Directed B Split C Prioritized V Evidence based policing VI Federal level VII State agencies VIII Local Outline of Current Lecture These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute I Policing purposes and organization II What is policing III What are the police IV Police in popular fiction V Police mission VI Enforcing the law VII Apprehending offenders a 5 core operation strategies VIII Problem solving support services IX Crime prevention techniques X Predicting crime XI Community policing a Challenges with implications XII Police discretion Current Lecture I II III IV Policing purpose and organization a Public police act on behalf of the government and society to enforce laws maintain peace and detect crime b Private Police private investigators conduct investigations provide risk management consultation security guards What is policing a Act of maintaining and reproducing social order What are the police a Institutions and individuals given the right by the state to use coercive force to maintain and reproduce social order Police in popular fiction a Police are dedicated crime fighters b Policing is dangerous c Selfless d Courageous V VI VII VIII e Under appreciated f handcuffed by a soft justice system g Exciting Police mission a Enforce law b Investigate crime and apprehend offenders c Prevent crime d Preserve peace e Provide enforcement services to the community f Administrative duties such as paperwork Enforcing the law a Police agencies are primary enforcers of federal state and local criminals b Answer calls for service control traffic write tickets c Respond to community concerns d 10 20 of all calls to police actually lead to arrest and prosecution Apprehending offenders a Some offenders are apprehended during commission of a crime or immediately afterwards this is relatively rare b Many are caught only as the result of extensive police work involving investigation 5 core operational strategies 1 Preventive patrol 2 Routine incident response 3 Emergency response 4 Criminal investigation 5 Problem solving A Preventive patrol dominative operational policing strategy since the time of Robert Peel a Interactive b Expected in public c Deter crimes interrupt crimes in progress position officers for quick response increase public feelings of safety and security B Routine incident response a Officers collect information and file report b Objective restore order document information provide immediate service c Response time time it takes for police officers to respond to calls for service and is directly linked to citizen satisfaction C Emergency response a Critical incidents in which human life may be in jeopardy b Takes priority over all other police work c Training in first aid hostage rescue and physical capture D Criminal investigation IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV a The process of discovering collecting preparing identifying and presenting evidence to determine what happened and who is responsible b First responders are the first investigators an a scene and provide critical information to detectives through the preliminary investigation Problem solving support services a Problem oriented policing seeks to reduce chronic offending in a community and use programs such as SARA b Support services include activities such as dispatch training human resources property and evidence control record keeping which are all vital to effective law enforcement Crime prevention a Proactive approach the anticipation recognition appraisal of a crime risk and initiation of action to remove or reduce it b Goal is to lower potential rewards of criminal activity and lessen public fear of crime Crime prevention techniques a Access control b Video and surveillance c Theft deterrence d Lighting e Landscaping f Programs include organized efforts to focus resources on school based crime gang activity drug abuse violence and domestic abuse i D A R E ii Gun amnesty iii Buy backs Predicting crime a Police planners use tools to help predict where crime will occur b CompStat is a process if crime analysis and police management using crime mapping c CrimeStat identifies crime hotspots and spatial distribution of incidents and distance analysis Preserving the peace a This is virtually limitless police activity which involves not only activities that violate the law but quality of life offenses such as excessive noise graffiti abandoned cars vandalism Broken windows theory a Introduced in 1982 Community policing a Administrative decentralization XVI XVII b Community engagement c Police oriented policing i Community policing can take many forms 1 Public education programs 2 Neighborhood watch 3 Town meetings 4 Store front mini stations 5 Weed and seed programs Challenges of implementation a Disjuncture between goals of management and priorities of front line personnel b Lack of community willingness to participate Police discretion a Exercise of choice by officers i Decision to investigate or apprehend ii Disposition of suspects iii Carrying out of official duties iv Applications of sanctions