CJUS P 100 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I OutlinTheories of crime A Intro to theory B Interdisciplinary theory C Deviance D Criminal behavior E General categories of theory II Accessing the cause of crime A Classical theories B Neo classical theories C Biological theories Outline of Current Lecture I Criminal theories Pt 2 II Psychological theories III Psychoanalytic theory A Psychopathy Sociopath IV Trait theory V Sociological theories VI Social disorganization and the Chicago school VII Strain theory A Anomie definition VIII Merton s typology These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute A 5 responses Current Lecture I II Psychological Theories A Personality is the major motivational element within individuals B Crimes result from a Inappropriate conditioned behavior b Abnormal dysfunctional or inappropriate mental process c Diseased mind and inappropriate learning improper conditioning often occurring in early childhood Psychoanalytic Theory Identity Ego superego A Sigmond Freud a Weak superego cannot responsibly control drives b Sublimination socially unacceptable impulses c Thanatos a death instinct in which animate matter desires to return to inanimate B Psychopathy Sociopath a Are incapable of empathizing with others b Can inflict pain and engage in cruelty without an appreciation for the victims suffering C Trait theory a Traits stable personality patters that endure for a lifetime a Openness to experience b Extraversion c Conscientiousness d Neuroticism e Agreeableness D Sociological theories a Social groups social institutions the arrangement of society and social roles b Development of crime group dynamics group organizations subgroup relations c The structure of society and the relative degree of social organization are important factors contributing to the prevalence of criminal behavior d Clash of norms and values among socialized groups e Socialization and the process of association between individuals f The existence of subcultures and varying types of opportunities E Social disorganization and the Chicago school a b c d e Studied impact of society on the individual Developed the social ecological approach Parks and burgess 1925 Crime is most prominent in zone 2 Typically have lots of new immigrants and high rates of population turnovers f Crime as a result of dyslacking social structure weak social ties cohesion g Related to the social structure high unemployment and poverty illiteracy and lack of schooling illegitimacy F Strain theory RK Merton a Anomie is a state where in society fails to exercise adequate regulation of the goals and desires of individual members b In American society there is dysfunction between the society produces and encouraged ends and goals and the means through which they could achieve these desirable ends G Merton s typology a Merton elaborates 5 responses to the anomic situation b Classifies these as conformity deviance in terms of acceptable and denial of basic ends and means a Conformity applies to law abiding citizenaccepted socially produced ends and socially legitimate means to achieve them b Innovation deviant behaviors that uses illegitimate means to achieve socially acceptable goals Drug crimes property crimes some whitecollar crimes c Ritualism refers to one who conforms to socially acceptable means but has lost sight of ends d Retreatist someone who drops out of mainstream society e Rebellion people removed from or wants to overthrow society and don t agree with means or ends c Monetary success is the only motivation mentioned by Merton d Some criminals engage in deviant behavior for no apparent reason e White collar crime is not explained f If the strain of life really operates as suggested by Merton why is it that most members of society are law abiding citizens