Futures and Effects of Television 1/26/15 10:03 PM Cable Television • MULTIPLE SYSTEM OPERATORS – companies that own several local cable providers • Time Warner • Comcast • Basic Cable • Pricing based on “package” • Premium Cable • Pay-per-view • PUBLIC ACCESS CHANNELS – non-commercial channels from which ordinary citizens can broadcast through the cable network Satellite Television • GEOSTATIONARY – satellites essentially “parked” in space • DIRECT BROADCAST SATELLITE – systems that deliver television programming to individual homes via satellite Broadcast Television • Stations often work similar to radio • Local stations • Networks • Station groups • Main advantages: centralized management that oversees all the stations at once and great savings in the production and bulk purchase of program materials • Program syndicators • Public television Program Syndicators • PROGRAM SYNDICATION – the sales of programs directly to stations or cable channels • Off-Network Programs • Once shown on one network, now licensed on a station by station basis • STRIP PROGRAMMING – showing a program in the same time period five times a week• ORIGINAL SYNDICATION – programs never shown on another network, but licensed station by station Television Content & Genres • News • News-Talk • Late Night/Variety Shows • Daytime Programming • Situation Comedies • Dramatic Programs • Reality Programs • Children’s Programs • Sports • Documentaries and Docudramas • Movies • Home Shopping • Special Events • Cultural Programs Television Measurement • RATINGS – percentage of all homes equipped with televisions that are tuned to a particular station at a particular time • SHARE – percentage of homes in which television is in use and tuned to a particular station • In terms of households, not people watching • Nielson Media Research • SWEEPS MONTH – months in which local stations use the ratings to set their basic advertising rates for the next three months Controversies • Nature of Programming • Perpetuating violence • Reinforcing stereotypes • Lack of educational programming • Parental advisory ratings • Excessive
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