HIST 151 Exam 2 Study Guide Lectures 15 27 Lecture 15 October 3rd Chapter 21 Progressivism from Grass Roots to the White House 1890 1916 I II III IV Introducing Progressivism Lafollette and the Wisconsin Idea a Progressivism isn t Democratic OR Republican b Progressivism really begins in Wisconsin with its governor Robert Lafollette He hatches a Laboratory of Democracy or the Wisconsin Idea This brings together professionals from every discipline business psychologists teachers scientists etc to lay out the problems they see and find ways to fix them This leads to Recall Referendum and Initiative a These three are STATE ONLY b Recall allows you to remove a governor or other state politician from office even if they are newly elected c Referendum is when the state level congress can t decide on an issue so they ask the people d Initiative is when anybody over the age of 16 can write up a ballot issue if enough people petition for it Teddy Roosevelt and the Trust Busters a Roosevelt s first act in 1901 when he gets into office is to expand his cabinet which is really unheard of i He adds a Secretary of Commerce to oversee all business activities b This leads to his Trust Busters They make sure to break up all businesses that were doing bad practice and or were monopolies Clayton Act a Expanded and specified the Sherman Anti Trust Act and what counted as a combination in restraint of trade Lecture 16 October 6th I Federal Reserve Act a Hierarchy for all financial transactions Interest rates are set by them b Made banks be in the hands of both the government and the people c Expanded credit so anybody could borrow money II Muller v Oregon and the Brandeis Brief a Supreme Court case where Oregon wanted to limit the maximum hours women could work from 15 to 10 b The Brandeis Brief stated that women should work less hours because scientists said they would become infertile if worked more than 10 As well they would get III IV beaten more often because they wouldn t have dinner ready for their husbands in time i Circumstantial evidence and mitigating Basically saying Yes It s wrong for us to ask this but let me tell you why The Jungle Pure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection Act a Roosevelt read this fictional work based on real events The Jungle and immediately made the Pure Food and Drug Act as well as the Meat Inspection Act It started by putting an on and off button on meat grinders and making companies label what poisons were in their products Addams and Settlement House Movement a Jane Addams was a wealthy socialite with a lot of time and money on her hands She and her friends created the Hull House b It was called a Settlement House You couldn t live there and they closed every night However you could come in off the streets during the day to eat and learn how to sew cook etc Lecture 17 October 8th I Triangle Shirtwaist Fire a A blouse factory in New York City filled with immigrant workers mostly women ages 18 to 23 caught fire and many died due to staircases being locked by the owners to prevent breaks II Booker T Washington W E B DuBois NAACP a Washington was a part of the last generation of African Americans to be born into slavery He was a political leader and public figure for black people across America i His Atlanta Compromise put the focus on black people gaining education and good economic standing for the long term rather than militancy over Jim Crow segregation b W E B DuBoise opposed Washington s ideologies and created the NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People This group was more militant and believed in full civil rights and equality now instead of slowly trying to gain equality through education and economics III Plessy v Ferguson a A court case in which separate but equal laws were upheld and deemed constitutional b Plessy was a man of mixed racial decent 7 8ths European and 1 8th African and deemed black by the state of Louisiana thus forced to ride in a colored rail car even though he bought a first class ticket in a white only car c Plessy argued that his rights under the 13th and 14th amendments were violated but judge Ferguson argued that the state had a right to regulate the rails how they saw fit within state lines Plessy lost all the way up to the Supreme Court Lecture 18 October 10th Chapter 22 World War I The Progressive Crusade at Home and Abroad 1914 1920 I Woodrow Wilson a Anti War progressive president II Causes of the War a Starts in 1914 with the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of the Austro Hungarian Empire by Serbia Austria Hungary then declares war on Serbia Since nearly every country had promised to fight for and with certain countries if they should ever go to war all allies to Austria Hungary were dragged into the war and vice versa This system was called the powder keg alliances between many overlapping spheres of influence in Europe and the assassination was the match that lit the gun powder keg III U Boat and the Lusitania a U Boats are weaponized submarines used by the Central Powers Germany and Austria Hungary b Lusitania i British ship flying civilian flags ii carrying weapons iii attacked by a U Boat IV Zimmerman Note a Germany tries to prompt the president of Mexico to wage war with the US b Promises German help in securing land seceded to America in Mexican American War c Telegram intercepted by British officer before Mexico gets the message d Straw that breaks the camel s back and brings USA into the war V A E F a American Expeditionary Forces b Allows U S to enter war as an associated power and not an ally c Allows the U S keep some neutrality VI Espionage and Sedition Acts a suspended human rights such as freedom of speech habeas corpus b made it illegal to speak against the war VII C I P War Industries Board a The C I P was intended to boost moral i sponsored carnivals movies and other fun events to support the war ii propaganda b The War Industries Board wanted mass produced war supplies made efficiently and to coordinate the purchase of such war supplies VIII Wilson s 14 Points a Wilson s plan to end the war b Intended to make sure another global conflict doesn t happen again c Eventually all 14 points make it into Treaty of Versailles which ended the war and forced Germany to pay reparation to Allied countries d Four specific points Freedom of the seas Open Treaties openly arrived at Create a League of Nations precursor to UN Self determination for all nations end all colonization Lecture 19