Tel-T 192 Lecture 18Outline of Last Lecture I. Holiday!Outline of Current Lecture II. Women just aren’t that funny…Current LectureThe Problems - Females in film do not represent half the cinematic sky o Outnumbered 5 to 1 o More likely to see predominantly male cast - Behind the scenes females are small in number but large in influence - Females lack equity and they’re eye candy o Women are marginalized Women in News Media- Regulation o Equal employment opportunity act 1969 Before act - Self-imposed rules o Sex and race - Media industry were used as an example - In able to continue their licensing o Had to prove women + minorities  Regulation - Closer to achieving 50-50 - Had women in almost every section except broadcast management  Specifically applied to minorities originally  Then women were included in 1971o 1980’s deregulation  Regan deregulated the industry - Market place approach o Let audience decide what they want to see o Those that are watched become popular and so more of the same is made  New rule - Radio stations no longer had to run local news  Women and minorities lost their jobs - Usually hired to be news reporters These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Took away any gains the equal employment opportunity had o Telecommunications act of 1996 Allowed media industry to consolidate  Before - A single company could not own more than a few station (7am and 7 fm stations) - A lot of companies existed  New legislation - No cap on how many media stations one company could own  Result - About 6 major companies own the media o Influence the media o They make what we see o television newspapers sporting arenas all owned by companies o all 6 CEO’s are white males o controls 70% of our cable Effect - Fewer jobs - Women even fewer jobs - Because of conglomeration no longer need 6 people to do the job of 1 = no jobs for women The Problem - Trends in Ownership o Horizontal  One media company buys another of the same type  Newspaper buys newspapero Vertical  Media company buys suppliers and distributers that get the media to the public  Owns many different things  Control content and distribution o Conglomerate  When they buy non media enterprises If they own other businesses = free advertisement for other businesses in the media Results - A predictable consolidation of departments - Fewer opportunities for women and minorities o Not enough diversityo Different voices are not represented - Lutheran church Missouri v FCCo 1990’s o A local radio program challenges FCC’s rule to hire diverse people o Broadcasting to Lutheran  By forcing to diversify forcing to do their job  Broadcasting to a Lutheran audience o No rules in place that women or people of color need to be hiredEmployment Trends - Gender in News - Film and TVo Women’s Media Center (pgs 38-43) o Lauzen (2008) Are female filmmaker’s bad for the box office- no  Are female protagonists bad for the box office- no What is the best predictor of film’s success - Money- Quality - Low budget movie will not