PHIL 1010, CRITICAL THINKINGEXERCISES DUE THURS, 10/16EXERCISES 5.5 (Sections 2-2.2.5)A. Indicate whether the following passages contain an argument(s). If one or more arguments arepresent, indicate whether the form of the argument is: denying a disjunct, affirming an inclusive disjunct,affirming an exclusive disjunct, affirming the antecedent, denying the antecedent, denying theconsequent, affirming the consequent, tri-conditional, or some other form. If a disjunction is present,indicate whether or not it is a false dichotomy.1. If Tyler gets an A on the final, he will pass the course, and I’m sure he will get an A on the final. SoTyler will pass the course.Affirming the Antecedent2. If Bobby doesn’t come to class, Laura will be upset. But Bobby will come to class, so Kartik will notbe upset. Some other form.3. If Anthony takes the job as a financial consultant, he will have to move to New Jersey. He’ll nevermove to New Jersey, so he’ll never take the job.Denying the Consequent4. If hell freezes over, then the Atlanta Falcons will win the Super Bowl and if they win the Super Bowl,then I’m a monkey. That means that if hell freezes over, then I’m a monkey.Tri-conditional.5. If Bobby doesn’t come to class, Laura will be upset. But Bobby will come to class, so Laura will notbe upset.Denying the Antecedent.6. That dome must be made of gold or bronze and gold is way too expensive to be used to cover such alarge surface so it must be made of bronze.Denying a disjunct. Might well be a false dichotomy but we don’t have enough info to know.7. If Keela gets a set of Volrath pans for Christmas she will be thrilled. And I bet she would cook us upsome really good stuff to eat. We should get her those pans.Some other form.8. If ‘twas brillig, and the slithy toves did gyre and gimble in the wabe, then Jay has slain theJabberwock. It was brillig, and the slithy toves did gyre and gimble in the wabe. Come to myarms, my beamish boy! O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay! Jay slew the Jabberwock! (Thisexample is drawn from Lewis Carroll’s poem “Jabberwocky.”)No argument.9. “Federal prosecutors will probably call a former doctor for Barry Bonds as a witness if Bonds’sperjury and obstruction of justice case goes to trial, according to court documents made publicThursday.” Michael Schmidt, “Bond’s Former Doctor Could Be a Prosecution Witness,” TheNew York Times, December 21, 2007, p. C13.No argument.10. “ 1. We are sometimes mistaken in our perceptual beliefs.2. If we are sometimes mistaken in our perceptual beliefs, then it is always logically possible thatour perceptual beliefs are false.3. If it is always logically possible that our perceptual beliefs are false, then we never know thatany of our perceptual beliefs are true.Therefore4. We never know that any of our perceptual beliefs are true.”James Cornman et al., Philosophical Problems and Arguments: An Introduction, 4 ed.,th(Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, 1992) p. 48.Affirming the Antecedent and Tri-conditional.11. “Opponents of channelizing natural streams emphasize that the practice is antithetical to theproduction of fish and wetland wildlife and, furthermore, the stream suffers from extensiveaesthetic degradation.” Edward Keller, Introduction to Environmental Geology, 3 ed., (UpperrdSaddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005) p. 225.Some other form.12. “If Bonds and Clemens had not been linked to performance-enhancing drugs, they would sail throughthe voting process [for election to the Baseball Hall of Fame] and maybe challenge Tom Seaver’srecord of being named on 98.84 percent of the ballots. But because they have been accused ofusing illegal drugs to enhance their performances, the path to Cooperstown, N.Y., will be litteredwith endless debates.” Jack Curry, “Election 2013 (or Later): Debates Already in Swing,” TheNew York Times, December 21, 2007, p. C12.Denying the Consequent.13. “Passports will not be necessary for Americans entering the United States by land until mid-2009, ayear later than planned, if a budget bill passed by Congress is approved by President Bush. Aprovision of a budget bill pushes back the plan by the Department of Homeland Security torequire passports from border crossers from Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean as a way ofstrengthening national security. Senator Patrick J. Leahy, Democrat of Vermont, said he expectedMr. Bush to sign the bill, despite the administration’s insistence on carrying out the passportrequirement next summer. The passport requirement has been a sore point in border states.”Associate Press web report, December 21, 2007.No argument.14. “Walk down the hall in any building on your campus where...professors have their offices... Do yousee any bearded, disheveled.., men wearing rumpled pants and smoking pipes, hunched over theircomputers and mumbling to themselves? How about disheveled.., women wearing rumpledshirts, smoking pipes, hunched over their computers and mumbling to themselves? Researchershard at work? No. Stereotypes of what [professors] look like and do? Yes. What you are morelikely to see in the halls of your classroom building... are men and women...hard at work. Theyare committed to find the answer to just another piece of the great puzzle that helps usunderstand [things] a little bit better that the previous generation...” Neil Salkind, ExploringResearch, 6 ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006) p. 1.thNo argument.15. “I venture to say that here the rule holds without exception: that every simple idea has a simpleimpression that resembles it, and every simple impression has a corresponding idea. The idea ofred that we form in the dark differs only in degree of intensity, not in nature, from the impressionof red that strikes our eyes in sunshine. You can satisfy yourself that I am right about this bygoing over as many of your simple impressions and ideas as you like; it’s impossible to prove mypoint by going over all of them! But if anyone should deny this universal resemblance betweensimple impressions and simple ideas, I don’t know how to convince him except by asking him toshow a simple impression that doesn’t have a corresponding idea, or a simple idea that has nocorresponding impression. If he doesn’t answer this challenge - and it’s certain that he can’t -then his silence and our own observation will suffice to establish our conclusion.” David