PHIS 206 1st EditionLecture 14Outline of Last Lecture I. Action PotentialsII. FluidsIII. AnatomyIV. CirculationV. Physical PropertiesOutline of Current Lecture I. Osmotic PressureII. Regulating PressureIII. Pulmonary CirculationIV. Renal Function CurveCurrent LectureI. Osmotic Pressure-colloid osmotic pressure: pressure exerted by proteins in cardiovascular system stretch receptors: pressure down in colloids, so receptors go to the brain, which releases autonomic output, arterials become constricted, and there is a big increase in pressure-short-term regulation: neuromechanism that depends on stretch receptors; only used for quick responses stretch less: parasympathetic output stretch more: sympathetic output-stretch (barrel) receptors: pressure goes down when you get up quickly and feel light-headedII. Regulating Pressure-How about long-term regulation?-Body Fluid Mechanism (Long-Term Regulation of Pressure)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.*A (+) indicatesthe same direction as theprevious step.*A (-) indicates a reverse in direction.-If cardiac output goes up, then arterial pressure goes up, rate of losing fluid goes up, ECF goes down, plasma volume goes down, Venus Return goes down, and cardiac output goes down. -Renal artery curve: S-shaped curve Arterial pressure (x-axis) v. Relative Urine Output (y-axis)o Greater than 100 mm Hg: pressure goes down; lose fluid madly-Veins: allow blood to go UP only-Muscle pumps (skeletal muscle): bring blood back DOWNIII. Pulmonary Circulation-Flow= Pressure / Resistance-No great long vessels b/w lungs and the heart, so resistance is less = flow is less = pressure is less-Difference: pressures of pulmonary (lungs) is ≈ 1/3 of systemic circuitEffects: part of the lung above the heart sees less pressure and less flow than the lower part of lungs If arterial pressure is up, then bigger lungs IV. Renal Function Curve-set point: blood pressure automatically returns (100 mm Hg)-hypertension: chronic elevated blood pressure Essential hypertension: type that 90% of people with hypertension have Increases deposition of plaque in arteries and arterioleso diameter is reducing, upstream pressure is increasing self-aggravating (pos. feedback) if hurt: pressure pushing on capillaries; hypertensive people heal slowly o less kidney mass, since they heal slowly instead of renal function curve up by 5-fold on y-axis, will be less than that for hypertensive peopleo nasty in brain if hypertensive people get hurt2. Arterial Pressure3. Renal Loss of Salt + Water4. ECF Volume5. Plasma Volume6. Venus Return1. Cardiac Output++++++- piece of brain lost b/c capillaries do not heal increases incidents of STROKE NO EXTERNAL SIGNS FOR
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