PHIS 206 1st EditionLecture 27Outline of Last Lecture I. Oral CavityII. Chewing + Chewing ReflexIII. Saliva + Salivary GlandsIV. Stimulation of salivary SecretionV. Control of Salivary SecretionVI. Pharynx and EsophagusVII. SwallowingVIII. Esophageal PhaseIX. Stomach + Stomach AnatomyX. Motility: FillingXI. Motility: Stomach PeristalsisXII. Gastric EmptyingXIII. VomitingXIV. Gastric Exocrine Secretions XV. Phases of Gastric SecretionOutline of Current Lecture I. Pancreatic Digestive EnzymesII. Secretion: Exocrine PancreasIII. Pancreatic LipaseIV. Three Phases of Postprandial Pancreatic SecretionV. Major Functions of the LiverVI. Bile + Control of Bile SecretionsVII. Removing GallbladderVIII. SteatorrheaIX. Gastric Bypass SurgeryCurrent LectureI. Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes Protein Digestiono Protein proteases small peptides Carbohydrate Digestiono Carbohydrate pancreatic amylase maltose Fat Digestiono Fat triglycerides pancreatic lipase monoglycerides (free fatty acids)II. Secretion: Exocrine PancreasThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Proteolytic enzymes: secreted as inactive precursors Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase- How they are activated: Trypsinogen is activated into trypsin by an enzyme on of the small intestine-Pancreatic amylase: active when secretedIII. Pancreatic Lipase-Fat digestion-Secreted in active formIV. Three Phases of Postprandial Pancreatic Secretion-Cephalic (25% of pancreatic response)-Gastric (10%)-Intestinal (50-75%)V. Major Functions of the Liver-Metabolism process nutrients after absorption-Detoxification degrade substances (body wastes, toxins, hormones)-Storage glycogen, fats, vitamins, minerals, nutrients-Bile production/storage bile duct (duodenum)VI. Bile + Control of Bile Secretions-Formula for Bile = Water (85%) + Bile salts (10%) + Mucus and bilirubin (3%) + Fats (1%) + Inorganic salts (0.7%) + Cholesterol (0.3%)-Bile secretion in the liver Bile salts are reabsorbed into the liver and cause more secretion of bile in return (feedforward mechanism) Secretin increases alkaline (aq) secretion Vagus nerve increases bile (cephalic phase)- Removal from gallbladder Presence of fat in chyme in causes CCK release. - CCK contracts the gallbladder and relaxes sphincter of OddiVII. Removing Gallbladder-To treat gallstones or gallbladder disease-Not “essential”-Bile can be stored in bile ductVIII. Steatorrhea-gallbladder removal-decreased bile secretion-decreased pancreatic enzyme secretion-Olestra-OrlistatIX. Gastric Bypass Surgery-Before Surgery Regular stomach No pouch-After Surgery Stomach (bypassed)
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