PHIS 206 1st EditionLecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. AfferenceII. Sensation v. PerceptionIII. Sensory SystemIV. Receptor/Generator PotentialsV. How Receptors WorkVI. Receptor PropertiesVII. Afferent (Delivers to Brain)VIII. Sensory Neuron InputIX. Sense―PainX. PerceptionXI. Autonomic Nervous SystemXII. Somatic Nervous SystemXIII. 2 Neurons―Autonomic Nervous SystemOutline of Current Lecture I. 2 Neurons―Autonomic Nervous SystemII. Autonomic StimulationIII. Somatic Nervous SystemIV. NeurotoxinsCurrent LectureI. 2 Neurons―Autonomic Nervous System-cholinergic neurons: neurons that release Ach-catecholaminergic neurons: neurons that release norepinephrine II. Autonomic Stimulation-neurons frequently stimulate/inhibit many cells or cells close to its neighbors-2 Systems that generate action potentials Parasympathetic input is highest when in vegetation state (digesting: gastrointestinal) Sympathetic input “flight or fight” responses; prepares you to deal with physical activity o startled: stage of sympathetic dominanceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o increase in respirationo system to muscles and away from gastrointestinalo plasma glucose goes upIII. Somatic Nervous System-motor neurons that innovate the skeletal muscle-motor neuron can ONLY stimulate, NO inhibition everything happens above level of somatic neurons somatic neurons: “final common pathway” that everything (muscle-wise) goes through to generate action potentials axon terminals of motor neurons (boutons) store Ach and are analogous to restof muscleso When action potential reaches bouton, bouton release Ach in fluidand go to catecholaminergic neuronso The AChase degenerates Ach until it is no longer a stimulusIV. Neurotoxins-poisons that act on neurons-Venom of Black Widow Spiders causes massive release of Ach in autonomic and somatic systems Consequenceso lethal in children/terminal: diaphragm put into contraction and cannot exhaleo cause of death: respiratory arresto reduces blood flow-Botulinum Toxin (sometimes food poisoning cases) very toxic, even in little amounts opposite of Black Widow Spider venomo blocks release of Ach from neuronso muscles cannot be stimulated, cannot breath, DEATH-Curare (Amazonian Indian arrows)prevents Ach from interacting causes respiration
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