HIST 106 1st EditionExam 1 Study Guide: Lectures: ?? - ??Lecture 1 (February 25)Beginnings of WWIo One assassin to ignite the world Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand (Austria-Hungary) ignited the attack of Austria-Hungary of Serbia Germany attacks France through neutral Belgiumo “The grave of nations” Europe had huge armies and 20th century technologies intersected with battles and this intersection brought a lot of fatalities The futures of many family blood lines were eliminated in a matter of minutes The belligerence subordinated their economic tolerances and economies to help out those on the battle field- The diplomacy of neutralityo Intro/contexto Declaration of Londono An inch given, a mile taken The British prohibited food and other products that Germany had sent in neutral times and messed with neutral tradingo Unrestricted submarine warfare Germany decided in February 1915 to use submarines to sink neutral ships and the British ships had been flying counterfeit flags British doing this made it okay for the Germans to sink British ships in the eyes of the Germanso Lusitania The Germans unknowingly sunk a cargo ship that carried 198 British and 128 Americans - Only 6 newspapers called for warfare after this incident Wilson caught himself in a catch 22: the people wanted to be neutral as well as get Germany back for killing the Americans on LusitaniaLecture 2 (February 25)- Women and minorities: New opportunities, old inequitieso Women and war work Because the men were all drafted, many women took jobs in the workplace White women’s jobs were shifted to the better paying and more skilled jobs and black women took their place as seamstresses and other womanly jobs There was still a lot of racial and gender segregationo Women suffrage and prohibition Prohibition was thought to keep the soldiers safe and the grain wasted on alcohol would now be used to help feed soldiers Women’s suffrage would now start because women got a taste of what the men had compared to themo African-Americans and war work Helped America achieve its wartime labor demands A ton of African-Americans moved north but even though they moved, they still encountered the same racial injustice they hoped to leave in the south- Financing the waro Pay big brothero The indebted states of America The government got most of the funding by loans through banks and wealthy investors and campaigned to sell liberty bonds Buy bonds as a patriotic duty to America and every person who refuses to buy a bond, is a friend of Germany- Social engineeringo Intro/context The government tried to get more people to support the war through propaganda and control how the people acted to the waro Government propaganda Committee of public interest (CPI) would manipulate the public interest Made cartoons and movies to get people to support the war that was going on o The government office of hate and fear mongering Made the war seem like a grand crusade for liberty and democracy Creole and the CPI became obsessed with public unity and established fear and prejudice in the minds of Americans This would bring hatred upon pacifists and German-Americans Lecture 3 (March 4)o The cost(s) of peace Wilson did not have any plans on exiting the war any time soon There was no problem for assistance and veterans were forced back into normal life (no research on PTSD or any wartime stresses) The veterans are competing for very scarce jobs in a downside economy The government eliminated the control prices that corporations had and the corporations increased their prices hugely and increased inflation Farmers also suffered and net farm income now declined by 65% and farmers who had borrowed money for machinery and land now cannot afford to pay back the loans they had taken outo Institutionalized sexism Women also lost their wartime jobs because the veterans now took their jobs and were told to go back to the kitchen At times, male workers went on strike to force the managers to fire the women and would not allow women to join unions States now passed laws that women were not allowed to work in the jobs they had during wartimeo Postwar battles [literally] over race The African-Americans now went back to their status that they had before the war even though they hoped the war would help them get to being equal with the whites In Chicago, 38 people were murdered when a riot began when a couple of white people stoned a black boy to death because the boy was too close to their “perimeter” The black people fought back and they had gained this confidence in the war (make the world safer for democracy) Racial conflict resulted from post-war battles between Americans hoping to preserve new relations and those wanting to restore the pre-war social stratificationo Fighting for industrial democracyo Unions and thug representation The greatest strike involved the American Federation of Labor (AFL) when the steel companies refused to recognize the union and 3000 workers left on strike Employers hired armed thugs to beat the workers and hired other workers to take their jobs Management slandered strikers by saying that they were Bolsheviks and the strike failed Employers used the same tactics to stop the strike by the coal miners and their employers claimed that Russian Bolsheviks had funded their strikeso Repression and slander trump truth and justice In Seattle, the central labor council called a general strike to help shipyard workers when 60,000 more workers walked out on their jobs and the city basically stopped working- The protestors were peaceful and they helped the strikers by providing food, electricity and trash pick upLecture 3 (March 18)- Nativismo Foreign connections Mainly people from eastern Europe, Jews, people trying to escape Russia/Soviet Union, and quite a few Irish people The red scare came before this and Americans see this red threat coming from Russian Bolsheviks - Bolshevism was very popular all over Europe and a lot of people were coming from Europe- Another idea that was very popular in Europe was anarchism o Immigration Nativism-we are Americans and we do not need immigrants polluting the job market and minds of other Americans Sacomenseti case-two guys were arrested for robbing a bank and murdering a bank personnel, both were immigrants and one had very
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