HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture I. Opposition to the warII. 1968 Presidential ElectionIII. Nixon Escalates the warIV. End of Vietnam WarV. Nixon at homeVI. Nixon goes downOutline of Current Lecture I. The stagnate of 1970sII. The stagnation continuesIII. The Iranian Hostage CrisisIV. The crisis continues V. The Reagan EraVI. The Reagan yearsVII. Reagan Rights and DrugsCurrent Lecture- The stagnate 1970so Our first unelected president (he was not elected vice president or president as he was appointed vice president) Ford pardons Nixon- There hadn’t been any charges drawn up against Nixon but Ford grants a huge pardon to Ford and this move became very controversial- The reason why this was a good move was because the country was at stagnate and if we see a former president get prosecuted in court and possibly go to jail, it would destroy the country Draft evaders and military deserters- Grants the people who avoided getting drafted and deserted in Vietnam amnesty to help rebuild the nation- His presidency was mainly repairing a broken nationo Inflation 12% and unemployment 9%- The stagnation continueso Election of 1976 (Ford vs. Carter) Jimmy Carter (Democrat)- Had a been a naval officer for along time and served as an officer of war shipsand submarines- Resigns from the navy to go to take over the family business since his father dies - Is seen as an outsider (good at the time) because he is seen as very honest, seen as outside of the “Washington circle”, and basically someone who is not Nixon- Not really the right person for the job as he is very naive and many people see Carter as weakening the US even more than it has been weakenedo Return of the panama canal Basically Carter says that by US owning this property (the Panama Canal) we are occupying Panama Occupation?- Will draft up a treaty to return the Panama canal and will get a lot of criticismfor doing thiso Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 1979-the Soviet forces will invade Afghanistan to rebuild the communist government that was once there (the communist government was overthrown)- This will be a war that lasts for the soviets for a long time and this was a huge embarrassment for the US since the Soviet Union invaded another country and the US does nothing - Jimmy Carter approved operation cyclone (something the people did not see) Operation cyclone- This CIA operation provided weapons to the mujahidin (freedom fighters, the Afghani guerilla fighters) to help them shoot down soviet helicopters- This will be seen as a sign of weakness on Jimmy Carter’s part- The Iranian Hostage Crisiso Nov. 4, 1979 The Islamic revolution occurs in Iran and this was an uprising against the shah for many of reasons Nov. 1979-student protestors outside the embassy started crawling over the wall and the embassy is overrun - The embassy staff was taken hostage and this began a very long activityo Operation Ajax—1953 o The shah The shah wanted to westernize Iran and his closest companion of his were the USmilitary and government personnel We had a really good deal with the shah of Iran and we were really good allies with the shah The shah will be overthrown and will be replaced by the ayatollah of Iran- The people of Iran were convinced that the US was responsible for the shah’s oppressive rule - The crisis continues o Operation Eagle claw This was a super complex plan that involved ships in the Mediterranean launching aircrafts to fly in the desert, refuel, and save the hostages This plan did not quite workout because some of the aircrafts had to turn back - A number of Iranian people had come up onto the landing site in the desert - One of the aircrafts crashed into the Carter airplane that would take the captives back to the US This was a huge embarrassment for the Carter administration and this was another bad sign for Cartero Iran-Iraq war The US will stop all monetary funds to the Iranians and once the Iran-Iraq war starts the Iranians need the money The Iranians will negotiate if the US flies their gold back, then they will release the hostageso 444 days The hostages were held captive for this many days and they were released after Carter lost the election to Reagan- The Reagan Earo Election of 1980 Christian coalition-going to be the support behind Ronald Reagan and will run forthe republic party and win easilyo Reaganomics or supply side of economics Reduce growth of government spending Reduce taxes Reduce regulation Control money supply- The Reagan yeaso Strategic defensive initiative “Star Wars” Have satellites lasers installed in space so that if the soviet ICBMs go into space, the satellite lasers will shoot down the ICBM This was a really cool idea but this took billions of dollars and really is a waste of government spendingo Huge military spending increases Will make huge expenditures on military hardware and will go against his first point (reduce government spending) in Reagan economicso He enacted the largest tax cut in US history He also raised taxes-while Reagan was in favor of reducing taxes, if the economy calls for it, he will raise taxeso What was the result Reduction of taxes makes the revenue to the government and an increase in military spending means huge budget cuts- Reagan Rights and Drugso War no drugs Just say no- Nancy Reagan will be behind this campaign and this will increase our presence in a lot of places that sold drugs Will pour a ton of special forces soldiers to advise the Columbian army to fight the drug cartels- Drug Enforcement Administration-Nixon was the creator but Reagan was the one who used this administration to enforce the war on drugso Martin Luther King Jr. Holiday Reagan definitely did not support many of the Civil rights act and the voting rights act- The reason he was opposed because he said that he was opposed because there was too much government involvement o Civil rightso Restoration act of 1987 Basically covered everything that the previous civil rights ac t did not cover The first time a Civil rights bill had been vetoed since
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