BIOM 121 1nd EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 12Lecture 1 What are companion animals? Companion animals are animals that people keep for company; they are pets. The literal meaning of companion is something you share bread or something youfeed. What are some benefits of pet ownership? Some benefits are: cardiovascular health, stressrelief, exercise, mental and physical stimulation, friendship, security, and pest control. What was the order of domestication for companion animals and what is domestication? Why did people domesticate animals initially? Domestication is when humans control animals. Dogs were domesticated first, then horses, then cats. Animals were initially domesticated for work purposes. What do the numbers of pet ownership look like? Pet ownership is increasing with cat ownership increasing faster than dog ownership. Smaller animals, such as rodents and reptiles, are increasing as well because they require less room. Overall, pet ownership is increasing. What is pet ownership per country and per state look like? US has the highest ratio of animals tohuman, France is second, and Australia is third. California is the top state, Texas is second, and Florida is third. Why are purebred dog breeds sought out? When you know what breed a dog is, you can determine the growth, size, nutritional needs, disease susceptibility, cost of ownership, and behavior for their dog. Lecture 2What does AKC do? AKC stands for American Kennel Club. The AKC holds dog breed competitions; they do not set the standards for dog breeds. AKC only takes the registration for dog breeds. What are the 7 different dog breed groups and what are the traits associated with those groups? Sporting group; these dogs hunt birds. They are highly athletic and have a high energy level. They are very personable and very trainable. Hounds; these dogs hunt four legged animals. There are two types: sight and scent. They are laid-back dogs and can be lazy. Terrier; these dogs are known for hunting vermin. They enjoy digging. They are usually small dogs. Working; these dogs pull sleds and are guard dogs. Toy; these dogs are lab dogs. Non-sporting; this is a diverse category with dogs ranging from Dalmatians, Poodles, and Chow-Chows. Herding; these are the most athletic dogs, they are work driven and lover herding livestock. What are the top ten most popular dog breeds/have a mental picture of them in your head (i.e. coat length, size, group)? Labrador retriever – sporting; 21 – 23 inches tall at withers. Short coat, 60 to 75 lbs. Comes in three different colors. German Shepherd Dog – herding; 75 – 85 pounds. Double layer coat. Golden retriever – sporting; 20 – 24 lbs. 55 – 80 inches tall. Long hair. Beagle – hound; 13 – 16 inches 20 to 25 lbs. Long-eared dog and short hair. Bulldog – non-sporting; 18 – 22 inches. 40 – 50 lbs. brachecephalic. Yorkshire terrier – toy; 6 – 7 inches; 7pounds. Long hair, needs a lot of grooming. Boxer – working; 21 – 25 inches 55 – 70 lbs. Poodle – working; three sizes of poodles. Rottweiler – working; 22 – 27 inches/ 75 – 90 lbs. heavily muscled dog. Dachshund – herding; two sizes; 3 coat types: smooth, wired, long. Lecture 3How do you get a breed recognized by the AKC? You have to form a breed group and set a breedstandard. You then have to have a large enough population? What is the UKC and what do the focus on about a dog? The UKC is the United Kingdom Club and they focus on the whole dog; itsheritage, function, and appearance of the dog. What are some names for mixed breed dogs/what is the club for these mixed dogs? Mutt, mongrel, cur. The American Canine Hybrid Club honors mixed breed dogs and lies that the genetic diversity of the mixed breeds cancels out a lot of genetic diseases that have developed in purebred dogs. Lecture 4How good are the AKC papers on a dog? AKC papers are only as good as your dog. If you have a poor dog, your papers are not worth a lot. How is a new breed created? A new breed is created through generations of planned breeding in order to create a new breed. You have to always breed towards a standard. Why are AKC competitions good for pets and their humans/how do you win? AKC competitions create bonds between pets and owners. A strong bond leads to a dog that is more obedient. To win a championship, you have to have 15 points and 2 majors. All of the points and all of the majors must be determined by different judges. Lecture 5What are the rules for showing a dog at an AKC competition? The dog must be at least 6 months old and non-altered (not spayed or neutered). The dog must be AKC registered and it must also meet the breed standards. What does AB, O, and JSHW mean? AB = all breed; O = obedience; JSHW = junior showmanship. What is the difference between obedience shows and rally? In obedience shows, owners cannot talk to their dogs or correct them. What are the ten performance categories for AKC competitions? Obedience, Rally, Agility, Earthdog, Field hunting, Gun dog, Herding, Lure coursing, Coonhound trials, and Tracking. What are the advantages to cats? They are usually smaller than dogs, cheaper than dogs, and cleaner than dogs. What are the top two most popular cat breeds? Domestic Short Hair and Domestic Long Hair (mutts of the cat world)? What is the AKC equivalent for cats? Cat Fanciers’ Association. Lecture 6What are pocket pets? Pocket pets are small pets; i.e., they can fit in your pocket. They are small and inexpensive; usually easy to care for and usually apartments do not have restrictions on these animals. Name some characteristics of mice. Can live 2 – 3 years. Hey are used in laboratory research. Pick them up by the tail. They eat everything and are omnivores. Name some characteristics of rats. Rats live 2 – 3years. Used in biomedical research. Pick up by the body; they are docile. Eat everything as well. Name some characteristics of gerbils. Like seed and grain. They are from Mongolia. Name some characteristics of Guinea pigs. These animals can squeak and they do not always sleep during the day. They can grow upto 2 lbs. must supply them with calcium. Herbivores. Name some characteristics of chinchillas. They are raised for their dense fur. They clean themselves through daily dust baths. They are clean and odorless and can live up to 10 years. Lecture 7Name some characteristics of rabbits. There is a huge number of coat sizes and lengths. They are herbivores