ANSC 210 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Previous Lecture I. Rodent Health II. Lagomorph – RabbotsIII. PricesIV. FerretsV. Reptilesa. Ball PythonsVI. BirdsOutline of Current LectureI. Types of Horsesa. Gaited Warm Bloodsb. PoniesII. Horse Descriptiona. Colorsb. Common MarkingsIII. Anatomy and PhysiologyIV. Safety V. GaitsVI. LamenessVII. Respiratory SystemVIII. Cardiovascular SystemIX. TemperatureX. Digestive SysteemXI. Nutrtiotnal RequirementsCurrent LectureI. Types of HorsesI. Gaited warm bloodsi. American Saddlebred Horse1. Kentucky Saddler2. Flashy gaits - rack3. Long, arched necks4. Affectionately named jughead5. Developed for ease of ridingThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Missouri Fox Trotter1. Bred to travel long distances at comfortable trot2. Used for pleasure rider3. Favorite for US Forests Service4. Tough, but small horseiii. Paso Fino1. From S. America2. Prized for smooth four-beat gait3. Small and gentle4. Very smooth and very fast5. Running walk in place of trotiv. Tennessee Walking Horse1. Famous for rocking chair canter2. And running walk 3. Calm disposition4. Great endurance5. A lot of mane and tailII. Poniesi. Under 14.2 hands or 14ii. Shetland pony1. Popular2. Developed to work in mines3. Very hairy, can be shaved4. Very sturdy 5. Can move very fast6. Independently mindediii. Welsh Pony1. From Wales2. Popular for older children3. Sure-footed with sound feet4. Intelligent and calm II. Horse DescriptionI. Colorsi. Black 1. Fairly rare2. No red or brown hairsii. Brown1. May appear black with brown hairsiii. Bay1. Reddish brown with black mane, tail, legs2. Black usually travels up to the kneeiv. Chestnut1. Red horses2. No black hairv. Sorrel1. Yellow-shaded chestnut2. Usually all red horses are called sorrels in the southvi. Palomino1. Caramel colored2. Yellow-white3. Pale yellow4. Usually white manevii. Greying 1. Greying gene is dominant2. Gray horses are born dark and turn white with ageviii. Roan1. Any color horse with white interspersed hairs2. Roan gene is dominant II. Common markingsi. Snip1. Flesh of the muzzle2. White mark between nostrilsii. Star1. A white spot on the foreheadiii. Stripe1. A strip of hair from snip to stariv. Blaze1. A thick white stripe from the forehead to nisev. Bald face1. White all over the facevi. Sock1. White to fetlockvii. Stocking1. Higher whiteIII. Anatomy and PhysiologyI. Conformation is determined be skeletal frame and musclesII. Good conformation can allow long useful lifeIII. Poll i. Soft spot right behind the earsIV. Withersi. Were you measure horseIV. SafetyI. Keep head away from the top of neck and lower legsII. Walk very close to or very far from the rear of the horseIII. Vicesi. Biting ii. Kickingiii. Mares kick more naturallyiv. Buckingv. Rearingvi. Sitting back or breaking haltersvii. CribbingIV. Gaitsi. Walk1. Slowest2. Each hoof hits individually3. 1-2-3-4ii. Trot1. Two beat gait2. Symmetrical3. Rough to ride4. 1-2 and 1-25. Gait that is used to test lamenessiii. Canter1. Three beat gait2. 10 to 15 mph3. Lope is a slow canter4. Asymmetric a. Right lead - right forefoot hits last, left hind firstb. Left lead - left forefoot hits lastiv. Gallop1. Four beat, flat gait2. Les are extended3. Can go over 40 mph 4. Gallop is asymetric5. Back is flat and smooth 6. Right and left leadsV. Lamenessi. Sole abscess1. Something hard gets caught between hoof wall and bone2. Heals after abscess is drainedii. Stone bruise1. Flat part of the hoof hits on a pyramid rock and bruises2. Happens when riding3. Heals in a weakiii. Ligament or tendon sprainiv. Joint problemv. Vets uese flexion tests and blocking to diagnoseVI. Respiratory systemi. Rate is 8 - 16 rates per minuteii. Running rate is one breath per strideiii. May exceed 100 breaths per minuteVII. Cardiovascular systemi. 35 - 40 beats per minuteii. May exceed 200 during strenuous exerciseVIII. Temperaturei. Normal rectal temperature 99 - 101; usually 100.IX. Digestive systemi. Mouthii. Esophagusiii. Stomachiv. Small intestinev. Cecumvi. Large intestinevii. AnusX. Drink 6 - 12 gallons of water per dayXI. Nutritional requirementsi. Minerals1. Salt should be free choice2. Potassium3. Sulfur4. Magnesium5. Selenium - you can overdose and is toxic if overdosed6. Iodine7. Copperii. Feeding1. Consumes about 25 lbs of dry matter per day2. Provide minimum 1 - 3 acres per horse3. More may be required in dry climates4. Popular pasture grasses - coastal bermudagrass5. High-quality forage is most important component in proper feeding6. Good quality free hay isa. Fertilizedb. Leafy and greenishc. Free of dust, weeds, and mold7. Grains increase energy content of the dieta. Sweet feed oatsb. Textured c. Pellets8. Feed consistently 9. Feed small amounts