ANSC 210 1nd Edition Lecture 10Outline of Previous Lecture I. The Horse CenterII. Approaching and LeadingIII. HaltersIV. TyingV. HorsesVI. Walking BehindOutline of Current LectureI. Husbandry a. Pasturesb. Stablesc. Groomingd. Hoof Caree. TeethII. Preventative Health CareIII. Common Diseasesa. Colicb. LaminitisIV. ReproductionV. BehaviorCurrent LectureI. Husbandry a. Pasturesi. Natural locationii. Fencing is importantiii. Best fencing is:1. Visible2. Indestructibleb. Stables with stallsi. Allows for individual feeding and careii. Disadvantages:1. Less natural exercise2. Less of social interactionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Individual behavior can allowed to be expressed (can be good or bad)4. Total dependency on caregiver for food and wateriii. Good ventilation is essential iv. A lot of waste buildupc. Groomingi. Removes dead dirt and hairii. Improves circulation iii. Improves sheen iv. Spreads oil through coat to make it glossyd. Hoof carei. Trim every 6 - 8 weeksii. During winter, hoofs grow sloweriii. Older horses, grow sloweriv. Shoes - needed when ridding or working on hard or rocky surfaces1. Shoes cost 95 2. Simple trimming 45e. Teeth i. Eruption - teeth coming into the mouthii. Wear of eruption is used to determine age of horseiii. Grinding of surfaces needs to be done every yeariv. Floating the teeth is the grinding of teeth if rasp or file II. Preventative healthcarea. Cheapestb. Immunizationsi. Vaccines are important in preventing or reducing severity of infectious diseaseii. Need Four Way vaccine and West Nile annual vaccines at the minimum iii. Four way for tetanus, equine encephalitisc. Tetanusi. Caused by clostridium tetaniii. Really everywhereiii. Common name: lock jawiv. Bacteria produce a toxin causing muscle stiffness and spasmsd. Encephalomyeititisi. Sleeping sicknessii. Doesn't feel goodiii. Doesn’t move well iv. Wont eat v. Transmitted by mosquitosvi. Three types:1. Western2. Eastern3. Venezuelanvii. People can contracte. West Nilei. New diseaseii. First horse in Brazos to get in iii. Transmitted by mosquitoesiv. Symptoms:1. Didn’t get in and out of trailer well2. Dull 3. Slow4. Stumbled5. Aren't themselves6. Can't control muscles 7. Stopped drinking8. Stop eating v. Started to Floridaf. Rabiesi. Virus attacks the nervous system causing paralysis and deathii. Transmitted in saliva of infected animals iii. No treatment g. Equine infectious anemiai. Swamp feverii. Can be fatal for horses, donkeys, and mulesiii. No cure or vaccineiv. Some horses can survive; become carriersv. Coggins test - certificate that says my horse has been tested and is negative for EIAvi. USDA requires euthanasia or lifelong quarantine for all horses testing positiveIII. External and internal parasitesa. Horse botsi. Make ulcers where they attach ii. Female bot flies is a fall thingiii. Lay yellow eggsiv. Lay on lower legs or belly v. Needs to like the eggs to ingest the eggsvi. Larvae grow in stomachvii. Causes colic viii. Not efficient in digestion b. Stable fliesi. Have biting mouth partsii. Look like house fliesiii. Cause bleeding on skin iv. Transmit diseasesv. Dispersal of manurevi. Tiny parasitic wasps vii. Can causes them to lose weightviii. Break manes and tails IV. Common Diseasesa. Colici. Abdominal pain ii. Does not have an appetiteiii. Restlessnessiv. Looking at flankv. Lying down and standing frequently vi. Rollingvii. Digestive colic1. Too much grain 2. Sudden change In type of feed3. Moldy feed or hay viii. Spasmodic or gas colicix. Sand colicx. Impaction colic1. Food impacted in intestines2. Common in older horses3. Don’t chew food as well xi. Preventative:1. Feed high quality forage2. Limit grain intake3. Provide clean water4. Provide adequate exercise 5. Deworm b. Laminitisi. Founderii. Lamina will inflame due to too much feediii. Very painful iv. Horse will not walk wellv. Will not trot, may lay down vi. Feet will feel warm vii. Can cause lamenessviii. Can come from:1. Overeating grain 2. High fever3. Systemic infection 4. Severe colicix. Veterinarian called at first sign x. Can cause dishing of the hoofxi. Permanent damage can occur V. Reproductiona. Gestation - 340 daysb. Seasonal polyestrous - long day breedersc. Artificial insemination becoming more popular i. Not allowed in thoroughbred industry ii. Allowed in almost every other horse breedd. Labor is short 10 - 15 minutese. Newborn foal will stand and start searching for foodf. Foal must obtain colostrum VI. Behavior and traininga. Prey animalsb. Flight animals c. Communcationi. Body languageii. If body language, does not achieve results, the will get physical iii. Vocalizationsiv. Touch v. Smelld. Highly social e. Establish hierarchy early f. Usually small herds in wild lead by dominant mare (usually the