ANSC 210 1nd Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Previous Lecture I II III IV V VI The Horse Center Approaching and Leading Halters Tying Horses Walking Behind Outline of Current Lecture I II III IV V Husbandry a Pastures b Stables c Grooming d Hoof Care e Teeth Preventative Health Care Common Diseases a Colic b Laminitis Reproduction Behavior Current Lecture I Husbandry a Pastures i Natural location ii Fencing is important iii Best fencing is 1 Visible 2 Indestructible b Stables with stalls i Allows for individual feeding and care ii Disadvantages 1 Less natural exercise 2 Less of social interaction These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II 3 Individual behavior can allowed to be expressed can be good or bad 4 Total dependency on caregiver for food and water iii Good ventilation is essential iv A lot of waste buildup c Grooming i Removes dead dirt and hair ii Improves circulation iii Improves sheen iv Spreads oil through coat to make it glossy d Hoof care i Trim every 6 8 weeks ii During winter hoofs grow slower iii Older horses grow slower iv Shoes needed when ridding or working on hard or rocky surfaces 1 Shoes cost 95 2 Simple trimming 45 e Teeth i Eruption teeth coming into the mouth ii Wear of eruption is used to determine age of horse iii Grinding of surfaces needs to be done every year iv Floating the teeth is the grinding of teeth if rasp or file Preventative healthcare a Cheapest b Immunizations i Vaccines are important in preventing or reducing severity of infectious disease ii Need Four Way vaccine and West Nile annual vaccines at the minimum iii Four way for tetanus equine encephalitis c Tetanus i Caused by clostridium tetani ii Really everywhere iii Common name lock jaw iv Bacteria produce a toxin causing muscle stiffness and spasms d Encephalomyeititis i Sleeping sickness ii Doesn t feel good iii Doesn t move well iv Wont eat v Transmitted by mosquitos vi Three types 1 Western 2 Eastern 3 Venezuelan III vii People can contract e West Nile i New disease ii First horse in Brazos to get in iii Transmitted by mosquitoes iv Symptoms 1 Didn t get in and out of trailer well 2 Dull 3 Slow 4 Stumbled 5 Aren t themselves 6 Can t control muscles 7 Stopped drinking 8 Stop eating v Started to Florida f Rabies i Virus attacks the nervous system causing paralysis and death ii Transmitted in saliva of infected animals iii No treatment g Equine infectious anemia i Swamp fever ii Can be fatal for horses donkeys and mules iii No cure or vaccine iv Some horses can survive become carriers v Coggins test certificate that says my horse has been tested and is negative for EIA vi USDA requires euthanasia or lifelong quarantine for all horses testing positive External and internal parasites a Horse bots i Make ulcers where they attach ii Female bot flies is a fall thing iii Lay yellow eggs iv Lay on lower legs or belly v Needs to like the eggs to ingest the eggs vi Larvae grow in stomach vii Causes colic viii Not efficient in digestion b Stable flies i Have biting mouth parts ii Look like house flies iii Cause bleeding on skin iv Transmit diseases v Dispersal of manure IV V vi Tiny parasitic wasps vii Can causes them to lose weight viii Break manes and tails Common Diseases a Colic i Abdominal pain ii Does not have an appetite iii Restlessness iv Looking at flank v Lying down and standing frequently vi Rolling vii Digestive colic 1 Too much grain 2 Sudden change In type of feed 3 Moldy feed or hay viii Spasmodic or gas colic ix Sand colic x Impaction colic 1 Food impacted in intestines 2 Common in older horses 3 Don t chew food as well xi Preventative 1 Feed high quality forage 2 Limit grain intake 3 Provide clean water 4 Provide adequate exercise 5 Deworm b Laminitis i Founder ii Lamina will inflame due to too much feed iii Very painful iv Horse will not walk well v Will not trot may lay down vi Feet will feel warm vii Can cause lameness viii Can come from 1 Overeating grain 2 High fever 3 Systemic infection 4 Severe colic ix Veterinarian called at first sign x Can cause dishing of the hoof xi Permanent damage can occur Reproduction VI a Gestation 340 days b Seasonal polyestrous long day breeders c Artificial insemination becoming more popular i Not allowed in thoroughbred industry ii Allowed in almost every other horse breed d Labor is short 10 15 minutes e Newborn foal will stand and start searching for food f Foal must obtain colostrum Behavior and training a Prey animals b Flight animals c Communcation i Body language ii If body language does not achieve results the will get physical iii Vocalizations iv Touch v Smell d Highly social e Establish hierarchy early f Usually small herds in wild lead by dominant mare usually the oldest