ANSC 210 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Previous Lecture I II III IV V Rodent Health Lagomorph Rabbots Prices Ferrets Reptiles a Ball Pythons Birds VI Outline of Current Lecture I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI Types of Horses a Gaited Warm Bloods b Ponies Horse Description a Colors b Common Markings Anatomy and Physiology Safety Gaits Lameness Respiratory System Cardiovascular System Temperature Digestive Systeem Nutrtiotnal Requirements Current Lecture I Types of Horses I Gaited warm bloods i American Saddlebred Horse 1 Kentucky Saddler 2 Flashy gaits rack 3 Long arched necks 4 Affectionately named jughead 5 Developed for ease of riding These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II ii Missouri Fox Trotter 1 Bred to travel long distances at comfortable trot 2 Used for pleasure rider 3 Favorite for US Forests Service 4 Tough but small horse iii Paso Fino 1 From S America 2 Prized for smooth four beat gait 3 Small and gentle 4 Very smooth and very fast 5 Running walk in place of trot iv Tennessee Walking Horse 1 Famous for rocking chair canter 2 And running walk 3 Calm disposition 4 Great endurance 5 A lot of mane and tail II Ponies i Under 14 2 hands or 14 ii Shetland pony 1 Popular 2 Developed to work in mines 3 Very hairy can be shaved 4 Very sturdy 5 Can move very fast 6 Independently minded iii Welsh Pony 1 From Wales 2 Popular for older children 3 Sure footed with sound feet 4 Intelligent and calm Horse Description I Colors i Black 1 Fairly rare 2 No red or brown hairs ii Brown 1 May appear black with brown hairs iii Bay 1 Reddish brown with black mane tail legs 2 Black usually travels up to the knee iv Chestnut 1 Red horses 2 No black hair III IV v Sorrel 1 Yellow shaded chestnut 2 Usually all red horses are called sorrels in the south vi Palomino 1 Caramel colored 2 Yellow white 3 Pale yellow 4 Usually white mane vii Greying 1 Greying gene is dominant 2 Gray horses are born dark and turn white with age viii Roan 1 Any color horse with white interspersed hairs 2 Roan gene is dominant II Common markings i Snip 1 Flesh of the muzzle 2 White mark between nostrils ii Star 1 A white spot on the forehead iii Stripe 1 A strip of hair from snip to star iv Blaze 1 A thick white stripe from the forehead to nise v Bald face 1 White all over the face vi Sock 1 White to fetlock vii Stocking 1 Higher white Anatomy and Physiology I Conformation is determined be skeletal frame and muscles II Good conformation can allow long useful life III Poll i Soft spot right behind the ears IV Withers i Were you measure horse Safety I Keep head away from the top of neck and lower legs II Walk very close to or very far from the rear of the horse III Vices i Biting ii Kicking iii Mares kick more naturally iv v vi vii IV V VI Gaits i Walk 1 2 3 ii Trot 1 2 3 4 5 iii Canter 1 2 3 4 Bucking Rearing Sitting back or breaking halters Cribbing Slowest Each hoof hits individually 1 2 3 4 Two beat gait Symmetrical Rough to ride 1 2 and 1 2 Gait that is used to test lameness Three beat gait 10 to 15 mph Lope is a slow canter Asymmetric a Right lead right forefoot hits last left hind first b Left lead left forefoot hits last iv Gallop 1 Four beat flat gait 2 Les are extended 3 Can go over 40 mph 4 Gallop is asymetric 5 Back is flat and smooth 6 Right and left leads Lameness i Sole abscess 1 Something hard gets caught between hoof wall and bone 2 Heals after abscess is drained ii Stone bruise 1 Flat part of the hoof hits on a pyramid rock and bruises 2 Happens when riding 3 Heals in a weak iii Ligament or tendon sprain iv Joint problem v Vets uese flexion tests and blocking to diagnose Respiratory system i Rate is 8 16 rates per minute ii Running rate is one breath per stride iii May exceed 100 breaths per minute VII VIII IX X XI Cardiovascular system i 35 40 beats per minute ii May exceed 200 during strenuous exercise Temperature i Normal rectal temperature 99 101 usually 100 Digestive system i Mouth ii Esophagus iii Stomach iv Small intestine v Cecum vi Large intestine vii Anus Drink 6 12 gallons of water per day Nutritional requirements i Minerals 1 Salt should be free choice 2 Potassium 3 Sulfur 4 Magnesium 5 Selenium you can overdose and is toxic if overdosed 6 Iodine 7 Copper ii Feeding 1 Consumes about 25 lbs of dry matter per day 2 Provide minimum 1 3 acres per horse 3 More may be required in dry climates 4 Popular pasture grasses coastal bermudagrass 5 High quality forage is most important component in proper feeding 6 Good quality free hay is a Fertilized b Leafy and greenish c Free of dust weeds and mold 7 Grains increase energy content of the diet a Sweet feed oats b Textured c Pellets 8 Feed consistently 9 Feed small amounts frequently