HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I Election of 1932 II The bonus army III Presidential Election of 1932 IV The New Deal V More new deal programs Outline of Current Lecture I Works progress administration 1935 II Opposition to the New Deal III Legislative achievements IV FDR and court packing V End of the New Deal Current Lecture Civilian conservation corps o One of the most popular new deal programs The target was to get as many people jobs as they could even if it was for menial labor This New Deal program will be very popular and will go on until 1942 and will be open to ALL types of people in the American population o 2 million men served The pay that the men get will go straight back home to their families and benefit their communities o Targeted the youth o Projects in the west people were in the east Most of the civilian conservation corps projects were in the west and there was a lot of transportation back and forth o Prepared men for military service They get a lot of skills training and education and the lifestyle that they had was very similar to military service Works progress administration 1935 o Created by executive order If you ended up working for a WPA organization you cannot work more than 30 hours a week The types of projects that were done were things like building post offices and sidewalks where there were none o Ended up being the largest New Deal Agency o Employed 9 million people between 1935 and 1943 This number is over the course of the entire program and will become a very popular program o Employed a great variety of workers Most of the projects were aimed toward people who had a construction background so one example of the variety of workers that were a part of this were artists who would paint murals on public buildings Opposition to the New Deal o American Liberty League Started in 1933 by Al Smith and John W Davis and even though they were democrats under FDR they did not like FDR s policies They were very concerned about how the government was getting involved with industry They will do a lot of education programs in order to let people know about the bad parts of the New Deal Their approach was not very aggressive and by 19036 the American Liberty League had fizzled out o Father Charles Coughlin Was a priest in Detroit and started a radio program in the 1920s started out as a religious radio program and soon turned into a political radio program Will be very much for FDR but became one of the biggest opponents of FDR when the New Deal began Felt that FDR and his administration were cooperating too much with the big corporations Got a lot of people to oppose the New Deal and a lot of the people who were opposed to the New Deal and will speak out o Huey long Governor of Louisiana was not really known for a good record and used a lot of bribery to get what he wanted and embodied the corruption in Louisiana politics and was later elected to the senate A redistricting plan was going on in Louisiana and Huey Long was very interested in this and a son in law of a judge of Louisiana ended up shooting Long in the stomach Originally a supporter of Roosevelt but as he sees the success of the New Deal he gets a little antsy and makes a program of his own Shared the wealth plan Very dramatic and required to confiscate large portions from the rich and would give family 5000 and ensured that everyone would get a salary of 2500 Gave the elderly a pension would lower the number of hours worked pay veteran bonuses and would guarantee a college education for qualified students o The Townsend Plan Give those over 60 years old 200 a month if they retire They had to spend all 200 in that month and the idea of this was that it would stimulate the economy as it would put more money into circulation The cost of the program would have been over half of the Federal budget Legislative achievements o Social security act 1935 Pension fund the original idea was that it would be a supplement to someone s retirement income Unemployment insurance when someone loses their full time employment they can file for unemployment and get some money will they are unemployed Aid for populations who need assistance for the handicapped for the unwed mothers without jobs o Wagner act National Labor relations act Collective bargaining The ability of unions to engage in collective bargaining with an employer Will create the national labor relations board where the workers can file against businesses for unfair labor laws FDR and court packing o The supreme court was a roadblock for FDR o The court had ruled against New Deal programs in 7 out of 9 cases o There were 9 justices FDR wanted to expand the court to 15 A supreme court justice has the position for life and can only be impeached Wanted to appoint some of his own justices so the supreme court would be more in his favor Sends the bill to congress without consulting any congressional leaders because he was so confident in his plan o The end state was a draw End of the New Deal o Court packing damaged FDR o The 1937 recession This will contribute some opposition to Roosevelt s programs and the power in congress will be a lot more balanced o The legacy of the New Deal Changed the role of the government The topic of government regulation of businesses will be a big debate as to how much regulation is enough and how much is too much Safety net Prior to the New Deal the federal government was not too involved in the lives of local citizens and the New Deal was the beginning of the government helping out its citizens
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