HIST 106 2nd Edition Lecture 10Outline of Last Lecture I. Farmers protest inequalityII. The people’s partyIII. Going nationalIV. Challenges of the depressionV. Appeals for federal actionOutline of Current LectureI. ContextII. Encountering exotic culturesIII. Initial imperialist venturesIV. The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino war of 18989V. Critics of American imperialismCurrent Lecture- Contexto Americans are turning culture into a commodity (this has never stopped being a good thing)o The opening of Asia to American trade combined with the military challenges stimulated the US Navy’s growth in the 1890s- Encountering exotic cultureso Introo Awakening American ignorance—and urgeso Commodifying multiculturalism- Initial imperialist ventureso Intro/contexto Making connections In order for the US to be a world power, it must venture out and make connections to get goods The US negotiated for pearl harbor and Hawaii o Dock-blocking the Euros In 11895, the US let Britain know that they would go to war if the Europeans keptsetting up colonies in the western hemisphere President Cleveland made it clear that his intention was to enforce the Monroe Doctrine Britain began strengthening its diplomatic ties with the US after backing down from colonizing the southern American countrieso Hawaii In 1875, sugar planters and merchants had negotiated a treaty with the US that they would be tax free Production of Hawaiian sugar increased dramatically from 1870 to 1900o Immigrant slaves By this time immigrants had made there way to the Hawaiian islands and made the bulk of the labor force- Because many of the native workers died from disease They worked under employers who would be on horseback and armed and this very much resembled American slaveryo Might vs. right The McKinley tariff raised tariffs on imports from Hawaii and the goal of this was to protect US sugar planters from foreign sugar producers The Hawaiian sugar planters did not get any support from their leader In 1893, the Hawaiian planters raised a successful revolt, backed by the US Navy, and overthrew their queen (their leader) President Cleveland saw that Hawaii did not want to be annexed by the US and did not annex Hawaii, against much US support for the annexation of Hawaii- The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino war of 18989o Intro/context By 1897 urged president McKinney urged that the US intervene in Cuba but for many different reasons Hurst and Pulitzer highlighted Spanish atrocities against the Cubans o Yellow journalism Both Hurst and Pulitzer’s papers were involved in yellow journalism Blurred the line between fact and fiction Journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration.o McKinley rises to the bait The teller amendment saying that the US would grant Cuba its independence once it had driven Spain out of Cubao US naval badassery US forces overran manila on August 14 The US had found the necessary votes to annex Hawaii and claimed that the US needed that island for the military Against the will of the Hawaiians, they were annexed to the US o Cuba, Theodore Roosevelt (TR), and the Rough riders Rough riders-voluntary military men who were led by TR in Cuba By late July, American warships had destroyed ships in Santiago bay and this had been a “splendid little war” (only 130 days long) Many of the deaths due to war were not only due to war casualties but also to diseaseo Mandatory peace terms The US forced Cuba to include democracy in its constitution and the plat agreement (the US were allowed to intervene in Cuban business and the way they did this was through Guantanamo bayo American imperial benevolence Filipinos were not ready to have another country take them over and rose up against the US o Who cares about people when profit’s involved? Open door policy-urged all imperial powers to respect each others trading interests In 1900, the anti-imperialist boxer rebellion forced everyone to cooperate with the open door policy and killed many foreign missionaries- This was done to rid China of all of its foreign interventions The US and other European nations had a mini-fight with China, won, and kept interfering with the Chinese- Critics of American imperialismo Intro/context Darwinists used arguments about racial hierarchies to justify why America was interveningo TR: militarism’s poster child Led the idea of manifest destiny (the idea of having the US reach from pacific to Atlantic) Many people did not agree with TR’s idea and called him a madman Anti-imperialist league hoped to combat America’s obsession with imperialism o 1900 election’s foreshadowing At the republican convention, TR’s supporters would get enough votes to make TR the republican
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