NHM 101 1nd Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture I. Dietary Supplements Outline of Current Lecture II. Diet and Health Current LectureNutrition and Disease- Nutrition cannot directly prevent or cure disease- Good nutrition can strengthen the bodys defense Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases- Modifiableo Dieto Physical activityo Smoking- Non-modifiableo Gendero Ageo Raceo Family history Cardiovascular Disease- CVDo Major cause of death in the U.S.o Coronary heart disease Caused by atherosclerosis in coronary arteries Atherosclerosis is the accumulation of lipids and other materials in the arteries How can we determine our risk of CVD?- Monitor cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, blood pressure and weightThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Lower LDL cholesterolo Increase HDL cholesterol- Monitor C-reactive proteino Increases during inflammationo High levels increase risk for CVDWhat type of Diet contributes to CVD?- Atherogenic dieto Saturated fatso Trans fatso Cholesterolo Low in vegetables, fruits, and whole grainsWhat can we recommend?- Cholesterol and blood pressure screening- Lose weight, if appropriate- Lifestyle changeso Quit smokingo Physical activityo Healthier diet Increases fruits, vegetable, and whole grains Omega-3 Limit alcohol Limit saturated and trans fatHypertension - Affects 1 in 3 adults in the U.S.- Contributes to heart attacks- Risk factorso Increase in ageo Family historyo Obesityo Salt sensitivity o AlcoholWhat can we recommend?- Weight loss, If appropriate- Physical activity- Reduce salt intake- DASH dieto Rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat milk products, whole grains, nuts, and low in fatDiabetes Mellitus- Type 1o Less common: 5-10% pf caseso Autoimmune disordero Typically diagnosed at a young age- Type 2o Most common: 90-95% of caseso Insulin resistanceo Highly associated with obesityComplications of Diabetes- High blood glucose- Blood vessels and nerves damagedo Infectionso Amputationso Blindness or diminished vision DM Recommendations- Monitor carbohydrate intake/ carbohydrates counting- Choose whole grains/ glycemic index- Reduce dietary fat- Weight loss if type two- Insulin injections if type
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