NHM 101 1nd Edition Lecture 29 Outline of Last Lecture I. Fitness: Physical Activity and Nutrients Outline of Current Lecture II. Dietary Supplements Current Lecture- $24 billion spent each year on supplements- 1 out of 3 individuals takes a MVI- Many others take a specific vitamin/mineral supplement- Most individuals self-prescribe supplements Reasons for Dietary Supplements- Prevent or correct deficiencies o Nutrient deficiencies o Low calorie intake - Reduce disease risks- Individuals who omit certain foods - Meet needs during life stages where needs are increased Arguments Against Dietary Supplements - Toxicity- Provide individuals with a false sense of securityo Prevent or cure diseaseo Provide energyo Enhance athletic performance- Marketing is often misleading- Evidence is insufficient for most dietary supplementsRegulation of Prescription Drugs- FDAs center for drug evaluation and research (CDER)o Covers prescription and non-prescription drugs- Responsibility of drug company to submit evidence that drug is safe and effectiveThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- CDER reviews study data and proposed labeling - Typically takes years from initial application to drug being on the shelfRegulation of Dietary Supplements- Regulated by the FDAo Defined by the dietary supplement and health education act of 1994- What does DSHEA say?o Labeling is requiredo Labels may make health claims but cannot be brand specific o Labels may claim to diagnose, treat, cure or relieve common symptoms bot not a diseaseo All must include FDA disclaimer This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.Take Home Point: Supplements are LOOSELY regulated by the FDA- Do require good manufacturing practices but are not tested- FDA must prove that supplements poses a significant or unreasonable risk of illness of injuryChoose the Right Supplement - Look at the label- Is it tested by a independent company to back up good manufacturing practices?- Is it safe?- Is it legal?- Is there evidence that prove its effectiveness?Some Popular Supplements- Caffeine- Creatine- MVI- Vitamin CComplementary and Alternative Medicine - Complementaryo Treatment that is considered unconventionalo Used along with conventional medicineo Insufficient evidence of purported effects- Alternativeo Treatment that is considered unconventionalo Used IN PLACE of conventional medicineo Insufficient evidence of purported effectsNutrition as Complementary/Alternative Therapy - Vitamin/Mineral supplements- Herbal Remedieso Echinaceao Ginsengo Gingero Gingko bilobao Yohimbe Herbal Precautions- Plants are natural but may not be safe- Purity - Is it effective? - Variability of an herb- Safe
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