Physiology 206 1STedition Lecture 32Outline of Last Lecture I. Colloid II. Thyroid Hormone RegulationOutline of Current Lecture I. Hypothyroidism II. HyperthyroidismCurrent LectureHypothyroidism Effect- Reduced metabolic rate- Weight gain- Always have poor tolerance for cold- Sympathomimetic is reduced, so act like they are getting sympathetic stimulation Blood pressure goes down and tire easily slows reflexes Mentally sluggish- In Adults, hypothyroidism is called Myxedema because there is fluid accumulation in tissues round face, bone structure obscured, poke skin leaves dent- In Newborns, called Cretinism at serious risk if not treated early, growth retarded has profound mental retardation.Hyperthyroidism- In Adults, hyperthyroidism called Grave's Disease Produces antibody that acts like TSH, fools thyroid and is not subject to feedback control most common cause of adult hyperthyroidism greatly increases metabolic rates lose weight muscle mass reduced have elevated heart rate and BP makes them irritable and anxious on edge; easily startled poor emotional controlThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. easy to identify symptom: Exopthalmos- eyes pop out of head, as a result of accumulation of fluid behind eye.~ this is only a symptom of Grave's Disease; not all hyperthyroidismGoiter- Enlarged thyroid gland looks like a fat lower neck doesn't tell you whether it is hypo or hyper thyroidism can have thyroid problem without goiter anything that hyperstimulates thyroid, will cause goiter a hyper secreting thyroid gland with goiter is hyperthyroidism when a person has a tumor will cause a change when iodine deficiency,pituitary secret lots of TSH, thyroid enlarging,but can't make thyroid hormone,so hypothyroidismAdrenal Cortex- Adrenal glands are 2 little pyramids on top of kidneys- Gland has two parts:1.) Adrenal Medulla- (Inner) derived from nervous tissue; part of the sympathetic nervous system, for the most part.2.) Adrenal Cortex- has 3 layers and make 3 kinds of hormones (layers don't specify hormone)Hormones:a.) Mineralocorticoid- involved in regulating electrolyte balance; help to maintain composition of ECFb.) Glucocorticoid- have to deal with metabolism of fatsc.) Adrenal Sex Hormone- similar in nature and effect to hormones produced in gonads; not terribly important; exception DHEA- effects same as testosterone, so insignificant in males, but in women, it is the only male sex hormone, important in puberty- All Hormones are Steroids and do all the things Steroids do.Mineralocorticoid- Aldosterone most important effect is promotion of sodium reabsorption and Potassium Secretion it osmotically increases amount of water retained help to maintain blood
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