Physiology 206 1STedition Lecture 32 Outline of Last Lecture I Colloid II Thyroid Hormone Regulation Outline of Current Lecture I Hypothyroidism II Hyperthyroidism Current Lecture Hypothyroidism Effect Reduced metabolic rate Weight gain Always have poor tolerance for cold Sympathomimetic is reduced so act like they are getting sympathetic stimulation Blood pressure goes down and tire easily slows reflexes Mentally sluggish In Adults hypothyroidism is called Myxedema because there is fluid accumulation in tissues round face bone structure obscured poke skin leaves dent In Newborns called Cretinism at serious risk if not treated early growth retarded has profound mental retardation Hyperthyroidism In Adults hyperthyroidism called Grave s Disease Produces antibody that acts like TSH fools thyroid and is not subject to feedback control most common cause of adult hyperthyroidism greatly increases metabolic rates lose weight muscle mass reduced have elevated heart rate and BP makes them irritable and anxious on edge easily startled poor emotional control These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute easy to identify symptom Exopthalmos eyes pop out of head as a result of accumulation of fluid behind eye this is only a symptom of Grave s Disease not all hyperthyroidism Goiter Enlarged thyroid gland looks like a fat lower neck doesn t tell you whether it is hypo or hyper thyroidism can have thyroid problem without goiter anything that hyperstimulates thyroid will cause goiter a hyper secreting thyroid gland with goiter is hyperthyroidism when a person has a tumor will cause a change when iodine deficiency pituitary secret lots of TSH thyroid enlarging but can t make thyroid hormone so hypothyroidism Adrenal Cortex Adrenal glands are 2 little pyramids on top of kidneys Gland has two parts 1 Adrenal Medulla Inner derived from nervous tissue part of the sympathetic nervous system for the most part 2 Adrenal Cortex has 3 layers and make 3 kinds of hormones layers don t specify hormone Hormones a Mineralocorticoid involved in regulating electrolyte balance help to maintain composition of ECF b Glucocorticoid have to deal with metabolism of fats c Adrenal Sex Hormone similar in nature and effect to hormones produced in gonads not terribly important exception DHEA effects same as testosterone so insignificant in males but in women it is the only male sex hormone important in puberty All Hormones are Steroids and do all the things Steroids do Mineralocorticoid Aldosterone most important effect is promotion of sodium reabsorption and Potassium Secretion it osmotically increases amount of water retained help to maintain blood pressure
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