Additional Final Exam Material Chapters 17 19 CHAPTER 17 Nucleic Acids 1 The classic experiment that demonstrated that radioactively labeled viral DNA transforms bacterial cells was performed by 2 According to the central dogma of molecular biology genetic information flows in the following direction 3 The DNA backbone is composed of A An amide bond between deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base B A glycosidic bond between deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base C A phosphodiester bond between 3 and 5 hydroxyl groups of adjacent deoxyribose D A phosphodiester bond between 2 and 5 hydroxyl groups of adjacent deoxyribose E None of the above is correct 4 Nucleosomes are composed of all of the following except A Griffith B Avery MacLeod and McCarty C Kossel and Levene D Hershey and Chase E Watson and Crick A RNA Protein DNA B DNA RNA Protein C DNA Protein RNA D Protein RNA DNA E None of the above residues residues A H1 B H2 C H3 D H4 E H5 A 10 000 B 20 000 C 100 000 D 1 000 000 E 10 000 000 5 There are approximately human genes 6 are gene sequences that code for a gene product A Introns B Exons C Nucleosomes D Cruciforms E snRNPs 7 The structure of H DNA depends on A Low pH B Hoogsteen base pairing C Watson Crick base pairing D Both A and B E All of the above 8 The number of times each DNA strand crosses the other is called the number A Writhing B Supercoiling C Splicing D Cloning E Linking A Positively supercoiled B Negatively supercoiled C A toroidal coil D An interwound coil E None of the above A H1 B H2A C H2B D H3 E H4 9 When the L number of a circular DNA molecule decreases the molecule s conformation is said to be 10 The polyamines assist in the compression of eukaryotic chromosome structure because they A Contain function groups that bond to DNA B Assist in the formation of telomeres C Posses positive charges that interact with the negative charges of DNA D Promote chemical modification of the histones E None of the above 11 In nucleosome structure the histone aids in stabilizing the wrapping of DNA around the protein octomer 12 Chromatin contains several levels of structure which include 13 D loops and variable loops are found in 14 Which of the following are involved in the splicing of RNA molecules A Nucleosomes B 200 nm filaments C 30 nm fiber D Both B and C E All of the above A mRNA B rRNA C tRNA D hnRNA E snRNA A snRNP B snRNA C rRNA D Both A and B E All of the above A Sense B Antisense C Transcribed D All of the above E None of the above 16 Determine the mRNA sequence for the following DNA sequence 5 GCCATTTCCCGTTA 3 A 5 CGGTAAAGGGCAAT 3 B 5 CGGUAAAGGGCAAU 3 C 5 TAACGGCAAATGGC 3 D 5 UAACGGCAAAUGGC 3 E 5 UAACGGGAAAUGGC 3 A Mumps B Herpes C Bacteriophage T1 D Tobacco mosaic virus E Polio 17 The first virus to be isolated and identified by scientists was 15 The DNA strand that acts as a template during transcription is referred to as the strand 18 Which of the following is not a variation of DNA structure 19 The polyamines are a class of DNA binding proteins that include 20 are structures that occur at the ends of chromosomes A Z DNA B A DNA C B DNA D C DNA E H DNA A Spermine B Speruline C Spermicide D Both A and C E All of the above A Cistrons B Telomeres C Cruciforms D Centromeres E Capsids A T4 B C4 C T2 D C2 E None of the above 22 HIV is a type of A Pox virus B Rhabdovirus C Herpes virus D Papilloma virus E Retrovirus A ssDNA B dsDNA C ssRNA D dsRNA E None of the above 23 HIV possesses a genome 21 HIV infection of a susceptible cell is initiated when the gp120 envelope protein binds to the antigen 24 Problems associated with investigation of fossil DNA include A PCR contaminants B PCR inhibitors C Incomplete specimens D Microbial contamination E All of the above A fDNA B oDNA C aDNA D bDNA E None of the above 25 Fossilized DNA is referred to as 26 The genetic variations observed in DNA fingerprinting are referred to as A RFLPs restriction fragment length polymorphism B RLFPs C FRLPs D DFLPs E DLFPs 27 The technique that makes investigation of DNA in preserved specimens possible is A PCR B in situ hybridization C ELISA D Both A and B E All of the above 28 Palindromes A Form cruciform B Contain inverted repeats C Are sequences that provide the same information whether they are read forward or backward D Play a role in the function of restriction enzymes E All of the above 29 The denaturation of DNA is A Promoted by heat low salt concentration and extremes in pH B Reversible C Monitored by measuring the absorbance at 300 nm D Both A and B are correct E All of the above 30 The chain terminating method for sequencing DNA was developed by A The sequence that contains the base sequence information necessary to code gene product B The complete DNA base sequence in an organism C The complementary pairing of purine and pyrimidine bases D A base pair E A newly synthesized RNA molecule 32 Protein synthesis is called 33 The entire set of proteins synthesized by a cell is called 34 During a transition mutation which of the following bases would be substituted for cytosine A Maxam and Gilbert B Frederick Sanger C Watson and Crick D Hershey and Chase E None of the above 31 A genome is A Translation B Transcription C Replication D A metabolome E Proteome A Metabolome B Genome C Proteome D Epigenome E Transcriptome A Thymine B Adenine C Guanine D Both B and C E All of the above 35 Hydroxyapatite A Is a calcium phosphate gel B Binds to double stranded DNA C Is used in column chromatography D Both A and C are correct E All of the above are correct 38 A point mutation that converts the code for an amino acid to a premature stop signal is referred to as 36 Lysogeny is A Cleavage of the cellular RNA B Infection of the host cell by a virus C Integration of the virus genome into the host chromosome D Formation of the prophage from the virus coat E None of the above 37 Which of the following is not an endogenous cause of DNA damage A Tautomeric shift B Radiation C Deamination D Depurination E ROS induced oxidation A Transversion mutation B Silent mutation C Missing mutation D Point mutation E Nonsense mutation A Transversion mutation B Silent mutation C Missing mutation D Point mutation E Nonsense mutation A Transversion mutation B Silent mutation C Missense mutation D Point mutation E Nonsense mutation 39 Point mutations that occur in a population to any extent are …