CHAPTER ONE BIOCHEMISTRY AN INTRODUCTION 1 The ultimate source of energy for life on earth is A The sun B Geothermal heat C Carbohydrates D Fats E Other organisms Ans A A Carbon B Hydrogen C Oxygen D Nitrogen E Chlorine Ans E A Nucleus B Cell membrane C Tissue D Cell E Cytoskeleton Ans D A Mitochondria B Chloroplast C Nucleus D Plasma membrane 2 Which of the following is not a common component of biomolecules 3 Which of the following is the basic structural unit of living organisms 4 Which of the following is not an organelle E Golgi complex Ans D 5 Which of the following is not a role played by carbohydrates in living cells A Energy source B Structural support C Intercellular communication D Both A and B are correct E All are roles played by carbohydrates in living cells Ans E Ans E Ans A 6 Metabolism is best defined as the A Reactions of living cells B Reactions that synthesize large molecules in living cells C Reactions that degrade molecules in living cells D Conversion of food molecules to energy E Reactions that synthesize and degrade molecules in living cells 7 The average life span of a species is about years A One million B Ten million C Five hundred thousand D Five million E One hundred thousand 8 Which of the following is not a waste product of living organisms A Carbon dioxide B Water C Urea D Ammonia E Glycine Ans E 9 Biochemistry is defined as A The study of life processes B The study of the molecular basis of life C The study of living organisms D The study of organic compounds in living organisms E The study of living compounds Ans B 10 One of the principal methods that organisms use to obtain energy from chemical bonds is by A Substitution reactions B Dehydration reactions C Oxidation reduction reactions D Hydration reactions E Addition reactions Ans C A Substitution B Elimination C Addition 11 The following is an example of which reaction class CH3Br HSCH2CH NH2 COOH CH3SCH2CH NH2 COOH Br H 12 The following is an example of which reaction class HOOCCH CHCOOH H2O HOOCCH2CH OH COOH 13 The following is an example of which reaction class CH3CH2OH CH3CHO H2O 14 Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acid D Isomerization E Oxidation Reduction Ans A A Substitution B Elimination C Addition D Isomerization E Oxidation Reduction Ans C A Substitution B Elimination C Addition D Isomerization E Oxidation Reduction Ans E A Nucleotides B Glucose C Phosphate group D Purines E Pyrimidines Ans B 15 The largest molecules in living organisms are 16 All of the following classes of compounds are lipids except A proteins B lipids C nucleic acids D carbohydrates E steroids Ans C A fats B sterols C fatty acids D phosphoglycerides E nucleotides Ans E A Lipids B Amino acids C Carbohydrates D Proteins E Nucleotides Ans C 17 Which of the following classes of biomolecules are the most abundant in nature 18 Consider the following molecule Which arrow is pointing to a peptide bond A H N H H C H B H N C O H C H C E H O O C D A A B B C C D D E E Ans C A Amine B Acid C Ester D Amino acid E Alcohol 19 The following molecule is an example of which single class of compounds CH3CH2CH NH2 COOH Ans D 20 The following molecule is an example of which class of compounds CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3 A Hydrocarbon B Acid C Ester D Ether 21 The following molecule is an example of which class of compounds CH3CH2CH2COOH E Aldehyde Ans C A Hydrocarbon B Acid C Alcohol D Aldehyde E Ketone Ans B A Structure B Bonds C Functional groups D Radicals E Molecules Ans C A Amino acids B Proteins C Lipids D Carbohydrates E Water Ans E 22 The chemical properties of organic molecules are determined by specific arrangements of atoms called 23 Which of the following classes of compounds make up most of the mass of an organism 24 Which of the following is not a basic element of life A Phosporus B Hydrogen C Nitrogen D Oxygen E All of the above are basic elements of life 25 Most biomolecules can be considered to be derivatives of Ans E A Amino acids B Carbohydrates C Fats D Hydrocarbons E Alcohols Ans D A Leucine B Arginine C Glutamine D Glutamic acid E Aspartic acid Ans A A Amino acids B Sugars C Fatty acids D Nucleotides E C and D Ans C 26 Which of the following amino acids contain a hydrophobic side chain 27 Which of the following small molecules do not for biopolymers 29 A constant source of is required for maintenance of a cell s ordered state 28 Choose the amino acid that can function as a neurotransmitter A Glutamic acid B Alanine C Tyrosine D Lysine E Cysteine Ans A A Heat B Oxygen C Energy D Stimulus E Water Ans C 30 Which of the following is not true of life A Life is cellular B Life is information based C Life is complex and dynamic D All living things produce energy using mitochondria E Life adapts and evolves 31 The most abundant biomolecules found in nature are Ans D A Amino acids B Fatty acids C Carbohydrates 32 Which of the following is not a component of DNA 33 The sum total of all reactions of a organism is called D Proteins E Fats Ans C A Uracil B Adenine C Cytosine D Guanidine E Thymine Ans A A Life B Metabolism C Biosynthesis D Anabolism E Energetics Ans B A Autonomous B Self organizing C Self maintaining D Intelligent E B and D Ans D 34 Which of the following is not characteristic of an autopoietic system 35 The assumption that a complete understanding of a living organism can be obtained solely by investigating all of its components is called A Systems biology B Reductionism C Emergence D Robustness E Feedback control Ans B A Emergence B Robustness C Redundancy D Modularity E Limit of resolution Ans E A Proteomics B Bioinformatics C Genomics D Functional genomics E Synomics Ans D 36 Which of the following is not a core principle of systems biology 37 The field of study associated with the investigation of gene expression patterns is called 38 Which of the following is not an example of a macromolecule 39 Which of the following is not considered a class of small biomolecule 40 The functional group present in the following molecule is called O C H C H N H H H C H H H C H A Nucleic acid B Protein C Polysaccharide D Enzyme E Amino acid A E A Amino acid B Sugar C Nucleic Acid D Fatty acid E Nucleotide Ans C A Amine B Ketone C Amide D Ester E Acid Ans C 41 The majority of Earth s species belong to which of the following classifications A Eukaryotes B Prokaryotes C Viruses D Mammals …