know progression 9 2 Civil War Reconstruction Texas was untouched Juneteenth White supremacy still existed Presidential Reconstruction 1860s Thirteenth Amendment banned all slavery in all US states and territories Amnesty and the Ten percent Plan adult white men Wade Davis Bill majority of adult white men Freedmen s Bureau dispersing aid to blacks Fourteenth Amendment citizenship for persons born or naturalized in the US Black Codes enacted by Southern states to put blacks into their space Civil Rights Act of 1866 Radical Republicans blamed white Southerners for causing the Civil War Republican party was hybrid antislavery Democratic party was for states rights 1866 Elections Indians were not taxed Congressional Reconstruction Radical Republicans for civil rights Reconstruction Act of 1867 division of the South into 5 military districts Northern carpetbaggers African Americans became sharecroppers a halfway house between wage workers and landowners Fifteen amendment of 1870 the right to vote to emancipated slaves Fear of slave literacy Southern scalawags minority of white southerners How Radical Reconstruction took place in the South Cooperative efforts through the Union League Racial biases permeated ex confederate views on Blacks serving in southern legislatures Also role played by the Freedman s Bureau and the Republican party White supremacy The role played by public education and participation by blacks The role played by Churches both white and black Tennessee was the 1st state to reenter the union Churches overcome sectionality Radical Reconstruction and Southern Redemption Election of Ulysses S Grant 1868 laissez faire and the Gilded Age Re election in 1872 Depression of 1873 Southern Redemption and the rise of paramilitary organizations KKK White Camelia also the rise of the bourbon Redeemers Election of 1876 Compromise of 1877 End of Reconstruction Legacies of Reconstruction A new American Nationalism which prevailed over sectionalism o also conflicts with localism From decentralization to a new industrial economy An American which shifted from rural to urban Civil Rights Acts passed even if they wont be fully realized until almost a century later o A legacy of disenfranchisement of segregation for American blacks Successes of Reconstruction 13 14 15 Amendments New state constitutions African Americans elected to political office Federal legislation State and local legislation Undone By Hardened color line on the white side and racial violence rise of Jim Crow Laws in 1877 Republican mistakes Economic issues 9 7 Settlement and Consolidation in the West America s First Colony Federal Expansion into a Limitless West Banks Tariff Revenues raised Rails and Telegraphs Manufacturers and capital would lead to the rise of huge corporations Where were the Mexicans and the Indians o Indians in the West Population Movements in the West Poor were largely left out Anglos Africans Mexicans Europeans and the Chinese Around 75 were men from Germany Scandinavia Ireland and Northern Canada Black Exodusters KS Cattlemen and cowboys miners and ranchers Foreign Relations Alaska purchase by secretary of state Seward An eye on the pacific and the Caribbean Coal bases and refueling stations Greater influence through trade in Asian and in Latin America Expansion of Railroads Private enterprise through with Federal Support loans subsidies and grants of public land Towards the interior and towards the border Another Pillar of Expansion Protective Tariffs The growth of US industries such as textiles steel sugar beet farming and sheep ranching An increased government revenue through budget surpluses Protectionist republicans argue that tariffs would protect American workers perhaps similar to the abolition of slavery Legal Ownership of Land in the West State Authority Munn v Illinois 1877 what is best for the public Similar to the South after the Compromise of 1877 economic development said to have been given the priority over race relations The End of the Bimetallic System Following the discovery of vast silver deposits in the West also of copper Crime of 1873 US congress chose gold over silver dollars Nation s money supply tightened to the level of available gold dilemmas over US thirst for foreign investment capital fro European countries Incorporation of the West Homesteading and Land Grants West is very under populated Railroad Enabling Act of 1866 Railroad builders were given public land Induce railroad building Acts as an incentive Large and small cattle ranches and Ranch wars Homesteading independent women Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States Demise of the Buffalo The Indian Problem Wars then were raging across the frontier during the 1860s and the 1870s 1867 Indian tribes exiled to Western Oklahoma and Dakota territory The Great Sioux War Dilemma of how to Americanize Indians Dawes Severalty Act 1887 Indians continued their way of life The Frontier Thesis No more land gold timber and water Said to have encouraged values such as individualism materialism practicality democracy and new energies across the frontier 1893 was said to have marked a new stage in US history Criticized for appearing to justify American Exceptionalism also ignored the role of Mormons women and non whites 9 14 Industrialization Labor Immigration and Urban Life in the Gilded Age Big Business in America Post Civil War Expansion dramatic leaps in industry and agriculture from 1870 to 1900 o ideas on bigness and the corporate life A Second Industrial Revolution o primarily in the United States and Germany Major hallmarks include an advanced national and international transportation and communication network the rise of the use of electric power and the application of the scientific method to the research process Also the rise of transcontinental railroads extending from coast to coast Inventions US Patent Office records showed a huge increase in inventions especially by the 1890s Most well known would be the internal combustion engine and the motion picture The role of electricity in communications and power Example the telephone 1876 American Organization Methods Vertical Integration o Purchase of companies at all levels of production Horizontal Integration o Purchase of competing companies in same industry Robber Barons or Industrial Statesmen Carnegie o Steel production o Surpassed England o Vertical integration o philanthropist JP Morgan o Dominated governmental financed railroads
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