Bray, R. M., & Sugarman, R. (1980). Social facilitation among interacting groups: Evidence for the evaluation apprehension hypothesis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6(1), 137-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167280610211. Which gap in social facilitation and impairment literature did Laughlin and Jaccard (1975) attempt to fill? How did Bray and Sugarman interpret the finding that interacting groups performed comparably if they were or were not in the presence of others?2. Review the distinction between views of Zajonc and Cottrell on the source of arousal that elicits social facilitation and impairment.3. Bray and Sugarman used a 3 x 3 x 2 mixed design. Which factors were between groups? How did the roles of “non-evaluative” and evaluative audience differ?4. Insert mean number of mysteries solved. See Table 1, p. 140. Difficulty of mysteriesAudienceNone Observe & learn EvaluativeModerateHigh5. Did a social facilitation or impairment effect occur when Pp solved moderately difficult mysteries? If so, describe the effect. Did a social facilitation or impairment effect occur when Pp solved very difficult mysteries? If so, describe the effect. If not, why not?6. How would Zajonc and Cottrell react to the results in Q4? Do the results on the manipulation check of evaluation apprehension &/or data on atmosphere affect your decision?7. Did a social facilitation or impairment effect occur for interacting groups as well as Pp who worked alone? Reconcile this outcome with that of Laughlin and Jaccard (1975). Did number of workers affect performance? If so, how?8. Did Bray and Sugarman conduct a crucial experiment? Why or why
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