Psych 225 Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture Class Intro Outline of Current Lecture Current LectureSlide 1: -Wegner thought suppression: ironic mental processes approach~processes that should suppress IE may increase accessibility ex. don’t think about a white bear…trying to do that makes the thought more prevalent; don’t think about ____ makes the thought more accessible-Brehm’s reactance: people prefer autonomy; threat to freed can lead to retaliation, exaggerated performance of prohibited behavior ex. a sign says: Absolutely no juggling machetes; suddenly get the urge to juggle machetes Slide 2: Method4. Questionnaire -IV, E randomly assigned Pp to judge’s instruction-other instructions constant, included to assist jurors and decreased demand concerns ~through the questionnaire that we were randomly assigned to the judge’s instruction in booklet: reckless assault and reasonable doubt defined as well as admissible, inadmissible (hearsay) or inadmissible (due process)-people respond in ways they think are expected or which way will please the experimenter (3 options made goal a little less obvious) Slide 3: Method4. Questionnaire DVs? Scores that we hope will depend on/be affected by the independent variable -in this exp.: DVs= verdict (unlikely to get an effect of IV), degree of confidence, likelihood defendant committed crime, sentence (yr., severity) ~easier to get measure on continuous ratings rather than yes/noIVs: manipulated These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Slide 4: QuestionsQuestions to decrease demand concerns~importance of various witness emotionally, etc.Slide 5: Method-how comfortable did you feel about judge instructions?-Brehm’s reactance theory: to what extent did Pp feel that the judge interfered with their decisional freedom-would Pp who scored higher on RWA (right-wing authoritarianism) be more comfortable with the judge’s instructions to disregard?Slide 6: Method-how emotional was the landlady’s testimony (& other’s testimony to decrease demand concerns) ~Wegner, Edwards & Bryan may be particularly difficult to suppress emotional thoughts Slide 7: Method-RWA scale personality variable (authoritarianism) ~willingness to submit to authorities, adherence to conventional norms, hostility, punitiveness, coerciveness toward non-conformists, willingness to take action to achieve homogeneous (non-diverse) society Slide 8: Method5. Debriefing ~additional references (from presentation we were shown)…include these references on our own paper but do not have to read them (make these in-text citations in our methods section) New PowerpointFor each article in the lit review include:1) what did they do2) what did they find3) how did they explain those findings *transition from article to article by using transition words or using things such as how they are similar or different (methodologically, conceptually, logically) *level 1 heading: methodlevel 2 heading: participants, design, materials (should be the longest-slides, questionnaire), procedureChapter 1: What is Science-methods of acquiring knowledge1) tenacity2) authority3) rationalism4) common sense5) science Colbert Nation Video:-truthiness (ex. statements accompanied by pictures seem to be more credible than those without) 5 steps to scientific problem-solving1) Identify the problem~lit review (theories, findings)~unanswered Qs, conflicts~form 1+ hypothesis (H)H: expected effect, a testable statement about the relation between variables 2) Design the Stud~which conditions are necessary to test H’s?~between, within, mixed?~stimuli?-abstract constructs of Title & Intro concrete operations of Method operational definition: concrete, unambiguous def, one that specifies how the abstract concept will be measured or manipulated -construct=anxiety-possible operational definitions ~anxiety as a DV (measure heart rate, skin conductance, muscle tension, self-report)~anxiety as an IV (short or long time to complete a task, environment (lights, sounds, etc.) 3) Conduct the Studyempirical process: learn through direct observation -if experimental research: standardization, control procedures-IE examples: what we saw on the slides, how long we saw the slides, the time we started filling out the packet4) Test the Hypotheses -stat analysis, interpretation-results, discussion 5) Communicate findings-papers, presentations, posters-other researchers~review and critique~attempt to replicate (reliability?)~use present research in future research How do we make observations?1) Naturalistic observation2) Correlation research3) Experiments 1. Naturalistic Observation-lack of intervention by scientist -primary goal: description -Rosenblam? Got admitted to psych ward by saying they heard “empty hollow though” even though it was a ruse and they were actually stable and sane (being sane in insane places) 2) Correlational Research -lack of intervention by scientist-primary goal:
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