Immigrants from Babylonia that come back and come into contactPersian PeriodJudahPoor archaeological evidenceJerusalem sinks back to pre-8th century BCE proportionsCoins etc. suggest a restricted area; rural; number of settlements has declinedAramaic replaces Hebrew as spokenHebrew retained for sacred Temple purposesPeriod of declineIsrael in conflict with old time settlers/Samaritans north of it (wall)Hellenistic PeriodAlexander 356-323 BCETakes Jerusalem and Judah 332Imperial control later split between Seleucid (northern) and Ptolemaic (Egyptian)Place of Judah between the twoHasmonean RevoltOpposition grows 167 BCERevolt 166-141 BCEIndependenceUnifying power (priesthood and kingship_Territorial expansionTies to RomeHellenistic CivilizationPolis—center of culture and controlIn Judea focused primarily on coastHow deeply does Hellenism penetrate into Judea?even if its true jews id in opp to greeks do it having obsorbed. only fight because they knowHasmonean Hellenizing of Judaic PracticeGreek burial customs and funerary architecture but banning of any figurative representations of deityEmphasis on bathing and ritual purityFine tuning of scriptureNames continue to be GreekRise of the bet ha-midrashSectarian JudaismsPeriod of religious growth and divisionAre these radical Sabbetarians?How new is the Hasmonean textual interpretation?Josephus’ PictureAntiquities XVIII3 groupsPharisees (popular)- piety of abstinenceSaducees (priestly)- ZadokEssenes (Qumran)Sicarii, othersImmigrants from Babylonia that come back and come into contactPersian Period- Judah- Poor archaeological evidenceo Jerusalem sinks back to pre-8th century BCE proportionso Coins etc. suggest a restricted area; rural; number of settlements has declined- Aramaic replaces Hebrew as spokeno Hebrew retained for sacred Temple purposes- Period of decline- Israel in conflict with old time settlers/Samaritans north of it (wall)Hellenistic Period- Alexander 356-323 BCE- Takes Jerusalem and Judah 332- Imperial control later split between Seleucid (northern) and Ptolemaic (Egyptian)- Place of Judah between the twoHasmonean Revolt- Opposition grows 167 BCE- Revolt 166-141 BCE- Independenceo Unifying power (priesthood and kingship_o Territorial expansiono Ties to RomeHellenistic Civilization- Polis—center of culture and control- In Judea focused primarily on coast- How deeply does Hellenism penetrate into Judea? - even if its true jews id in opp to greeks do it having obsorbed. only fight because they knowHasmonean Hellenizing of Judaic Practice- Greek burial customs and funerary architecture but banning of any figurative representations of deity- Emphasis on bathing and ritual purity- Fine tuning of scripture- Names continue to be Greek- Rise of the bet ha-midrashSectarian Judaisms- Period of religious growth and division- Are these radical Sabbetarians?- How new is the Hasmonean textual interpretation?Josephus’ Picture- Antiquities XVIII- 3 groupso Pharisees (popular)- piety of abstinenceo Saducees (priestly)- Zadoko Essenes (Qumran)- Sicarii, othersSectarians are a small
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