Chapter 10 Energy Balance Weight Control and Eating Disorders tcvr r tt t Energy Bt 4t t o Energy intake equals energy expenditure Positive energy balance Energy intake greater than energy intake less than energy expenditure ObesityTrends Energy ln vs Energy Out Energy lntake Estimated via nutrient databases Calories based on h r b CA lo trn er rat I kca Q qffim f6r Carbohydrates s 4Lc d a M 0tcnwl Protein AlcoholT kcafgm 5r k i wtqho tc tct Energy Expenditure Minimum amount of energy in a fasting state Physical activity Varies among individuals o 5 l of Energy used to o ra l X calor cr ll foodnutrients Measuring Energy Expeqditure frbt b d k 0l4blf A tY4 o Fat is less v Fat floats Pod than lean tissue 19 5 Lndq u toi Af G 2 1 nctrtn c p f 5 r Al 9 owr hlei3h Tv34 1 6 L 3tr ratg obqJX Determines the UoOv f i tfnn3 cvgtrccr a a Low energy current thdt measures the resistance of electrical flow Fat is resistant to electricalflow more the resistance V R boffiat dualx ray photon absorptometry QD ft X ray body scan allows for the determination of body fat gXL aJZ bUt eXpenSiVe Be c r r re Se Ftrlseur Skinfold Measurements Assessing Body Fat Dig Upperbody J fr 1 fr 40 ts Stlbcr e r ec 5 a a Role of Composition Role of egyi rsent c and O h00 f Iu k sgp eatineffi tt e Hunger Appetite a qs o q rcnQ drive for food R il b drive for food xffi ffi Fulfilling either drive Hypothalamus Regulates food intake 3 A r l sQAn Hunger vs Appetite Treatment of Overweight and Obesity 3 Key Components to Sour diffeight Loss a a a a a Adipose apprcximately esCDU a s Control of behavior problems wv uaoc A ihcn q JRdnnlt loa What it Takes to Lose a Pound u r fnn ld dlt c L g b VJdL a Body fat contains 1b0 So to lose a pound in l week 7 days reduce Cn ifr q ile and increase physical activity as to create a deficit of about 5 For example kcal per day kcal per 5AA kcal day x 7 days weeft 3500 kcal Determine calorie deficient Example JtP tnrrrrmuM she willso on in 10 weeks Sue would like to lose 15 pounds in preparation for an upcoming cruise i5ub5q p lag What would her flaily caloric deficit need to be to actrievA her goal Can should she accomplish this through diet alone Answer 15C U lcA05 f r 0i Encourage rapid weight loss Loz rr a r and Xk loss occur Does not encourage Vn ncr rrfuf change Weight loss is usually o o UdoY DruE treatment Ex Sihur t rerr tct r n ouk Very low calorie diets rreatment r ffiffind o Eating Disorders gr ttn Di c J2 ft are notthe same r dt ordr nud eating er n e diictrda psychiatric condition involving extreme body dissatisfaction and longterm eating patterns harming the body Requires MD diagnosis DSM IV criteria a a I a Eating Disorders Multiple factors contribute to the development of an eating disorder Family environment family member with ED Unrealistic media images computer enhanced images of perfect bodies fillthe media f OcLOotr twtsq lCt r o U S values thinness n s oar o ffq Trcr fb individuals with ED mayexhibit specific to d ca factors may be a genetic pers6nality traits n Sr n6 component Media lmages na 3c ci oc t q qra1 Jilh U J04k atrrr fr prhrrnc values slenderness as beautiful and as a sign of self discipline health and wealth These culturalvalues influence a person contribute to eh EatinE Disorders Otherwise not S ecified EDOS s body thl tfl and can Partial symptomjof fwfL Q or bl f v nfu W I nhrnz A sense of lack of control during binging CWrc i C ep t9 4f eating too fast too much in private Negative self esteem pdor body image Health Risks Often associated with a ne oaicr anxiety disorders Binge is often high in fat and sugar Stress leads to psychological effects lncreased risk of overweight or obesity Chronic Dieting Symptoms ffi Excessive exercise y r cr W fAwith food weight calories Health a Ccfr zrhC0 fCf mood swings Loss of lncreased criticism of body shape Risks Poor nutrie nt and energy intakes Low Decreased energy expenditure due to a Decreased ability to exercise lncreased risk of eating disorder and lt in o n intake vyJu co PJY F lho I a la a hUL serious medicalsyndrome frequently seen in fe ab athletes consists of a o o a o a a a t a a a C Gor0lrcSK Seen especially in sports that emphasize lean bodies or use subjective scoring Treatment for Eating Disorders l 1 q ftt ri 4a 1 counselors ns uzhlq rlgcounselors PreventirqB e tinE ffi Prevention of eating disorders requires a a a a Participation in Modeling a healthy diet bY Parents criticism of children and young adults unrealistic body images in the media