SOCY105 Intro to Contemporary Social Problems Final exam review Part 3 o The sick role Two rights Two obligations The sick role is not straight forward difficulties to navigate Construction meaning understanding of sickness different across cultures and time o Global Health Leading global killer Water born diseases Why is this a social issue Infrastructure Do poor countries have health problems because they re poor or are they poor because they have health problems Malaria AIDS Both are diseases but both are also social issues social framings of the problem social responses Disableism o Actual acts people do assumptions about people in wheelchairs putting their disability as their identity underpriviledged o How is disability different from any other form of inequality we ve looked at Everyone can be disabled doesn t matter your sex class race It can happen to anyone o Population profile of disabled people 5 to 15 years 5 8 6 to 64 18 6 65 41 9 o What are the effects of being disabled Bankruptcy over half of all bankruptcies are because of medical issues Unemployment in 2004 only 35 of working age people with disabilities were employed Undereducated 28 with less than HS diploma o Disableism assumptions and practices that promote unequal treatment of people because of actual or presumed disabilities o Campbell says studies of disability still construct the disabled as the other o We are all cyborgs in our own way we depend on technology o Ableism ability The default the fully human state The norm in society People who have disabilities must either strive to become that norm or should keep their distance from able bodied people o Disability state of diminished humanity o The disabled body inhuman or at least less human out of control broken wrong monstrous 1 o Hard binary divide between abled and disabled human nonuman o Abled bodies are knowable measurable set o Disabled bodies are fluid transitional blatantly cyborgian connection to machines o We are all cyborgs know Solids and flows o Which ones are more important o As globalizations move forward things are moving more flowy o Solids Structures Government Institutions o Flows Ideas People Money Goods Services Anything that moves Colonialism o The establishment maintenance acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory o Other theorists most of the non western world experience war like this before o Difference is that now we see what was always there wars of colonialism o Countries are poor because of colonialism o After WWII World Bank financing rebuilding also focused on poor nations o IMF International Monetary Fund monitors and facilitates international trade o Both gave loans to build infrastructure establish modern industrialized states o However this backfired DEBT failed states Development discourse o The problemization of poverty socially constructed o Development of thinking and talking o Third world needs to be helped by the first world o How a problem is created o During WWII understanding of third world strategy resources o Post WWII Western world discovers decolonizing world o Western ideas of statehood o Western ideas of what a health state economy looks like o Western ideas of how to get there New War theory o Changed how war fundamentally works o A lot of these changes directly deal with globalization o Conflict that we have not seen before o Ties deeply with identity politics o Has war changed 2 Some theorists Globalization Less vertical more horizontal o People fighting people and how those people are arranged are not always has vertically or hierarchical Nation states matter less More combatants are non state actors Governance no longer within states Rise of non governmental organizations NGOs Stronger transnational ties between informal groups more important Other theorists most of the non western world experienced war like this before Difference is that now we see what was always there wars of colonialism Identity politics o Movements that mobilize around ethnic racial or religious identity for the purpose of claiming state power Remember questions of real and not real o Politics of ideas open expansive future oriented o Politics of identity closed exclusive fragmentative past focused o Reaction to uncertainty and declining legitimacy of old political structures Barbarism o General practice of being nasty to each other o The use of words forms or expressions considered incorrect or unacceptable o A specific word form or expression so used o Civilians and modern war what s changed o Total war and line between combatants and civilians o Technology and war what advances and changes Distance Language numbing glossolalia of techno speak Epistemology how we know what we know o It has gotten worse in recent years o In war Dehumanization o Describes efforts to mitigate one s sense of humanity in its most idealized form or efforts to undermine one s access to basic human rights ex physical autonomy food water opportunities for self sufficiency o A process by which members of a group of people assert the inferiority of another group through subtle or overt acts or statements o State dehumanization has been directed against perceived racial or ethnic groups nationalities foreigners religious groups exes sexual minorities disabled people as a class economic and social classes o Sociologists often view dehumanization as central to some or all types of wats Readings 3 The Problematization of Poverty o Discusses the western ideal that impoverished nations will find salvation by developing o Considers development and industrialization the right way and that this will bring these countries into the light and allow them to be prosperous o General idea that there is something in these countries that needs to be fixed o Expansion of US markets productivity forced industrial turn o Not much state aid push toward private aid Right climate o The Cold War proxy conflicts o Dawn of Development Discourse Components Remember ideas discursive control Foucault Homosexuality Foucault and the Politics of Self o Foucault theorized that how we think of self is actually constructed not natural o Sexuality prior to the enlightenment was based on actions after it became about identity o New focus on sexuality meant a new self knowledge of an inner drive that must be watched and explained o The institutionalization of sexuality meant more power over such was put in the hands of the government church