Mobile IP Part I: IPv4OverviewMobile IP: FeaturesMobile IP: TerminologyTerminologyTerminology (Cont)Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Mobile IP: ProcessesProcesses (Cont)Encapsulation/TunnelingReverse TunnelingHome Networks with Dynamic IP AddressDynamic Home Agent AssignmentNetwork Mobility (NEMO)Security IssuesMobile IP and VPNMobile IP and VPN (Cont)Slide 21SummaryReading AssignmentMobile IPv4: RFCsMobile IPv4: RFCs (Cont)Slide 26Homework12-1©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisMobile IPMobile IPPart I: IPv4Part I: IPv4Raj Jain Washington University in Saint LouisSaint Louis, MO [email protected] slides are available on-line at:http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-06/12-2©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisOverviewOverviewMobile IP: TerminologyProcesses: Registration, Advertisements, ..Security IssuesReverse TunnelingHome Networks with Dynamic IP AddressDynamic Home Agent AssignmentNetwork Mobility (NEMO)Mobile IP and VPN12-3©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisMobile IP: FeaturesMobile IP: FeaturesYou can take you notebook to any locationYour TCP connection can continue. TCP connections are from one IP address to another IP address TCP is unaware of the mobilityContinuous access to your home resourcesAccess to local resources: PrintersFinds nearby IP routers and connects automatically Your IP messages are delivered to your new locationOnly "Mobility Aware" routers and mobile units need new s/wOther routers and hosts can use current IPNo new IP address formats.Secure: Allows authentication12-5©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisMobile IP: TerminologyMobile IP: TerminologyMobile Node (MN)Home Agent (HA), Foreign Agent (FA)Care-of-address (COA): Address of the end-of-tunnel towards the mobile nodeCorrespondent Node (CN)Home Address: Mobile’s permanent IP addressHomeAgentMobileNodeCorrespondentNodeForeignAgentHome netNodemovesNew netMobileNode12-6©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisTerminologyTerminologyHome Address: Long-term IP address of the mobile on the home networkIP Access Address: Local IP address of the mobile on the foreign networkCare-of-Address: Address to which the packets are sent by the home agent. Destination of the IP tunnel between home agent and the mobile. Generally COA=IP Access AddressMobility Agent: Home agent or foreign agentAgent Advertisement: Periodic advertisement from mobility agentsCorrespondent Node: The node communicating with mobileForeign Network: Any network other than the home networkGratuitous ARP: Sent by home agent to update other node’s ARP cache12-7©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisTerminology (Cont)Terminology (Cont)Mobility Binding: Binding between home address and COA Tunnel: Path followed by an encapsulated packetMobile Router: A router with changing point of attachmentMobile Host: A end host (not a router) Mobile Node: Mobile Host or Mobile RouterMobile Network: An entire network that changes its point of attachmentMobile Network Node: A node in a mobile network. May itself be mobile (visiting) or fixed (permanent) member of the network.Roaming: Getting connectivity from a foreign network based on a formal agreement between foreign and home network service providers12-8©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisTerminology (Cont)Terminology (Cont)Handover: Changing the point of attachmentL2 Handover: Moving from one access point to another access point in the same IP network (same network prefix)L3 Handover: Moving from one IP network to another.Moving from one access router to another access routerHorizontal Handover: Moving between same technology. WLAN to WLAN or 3G to 3GVertical Handover: Moving between different technologies. WLAN to 3G.Push Handover: Previous access router initiates handoverPull Handover: New access router initiates handover12-9©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisTerminology (Cont)Terminology (Cont)Make-Before-Break: Make a new connection before disconnecting previous. Will communicate with both for some time.Break-before-Make: Disconnect previous and then connect with next.Handover Delay: Time between break and make.Smooth Handover: Minimize packet loss. Handover delay not critical.Fast Handover: Minimize handover delay. Packet loss not critical.Seamless Handover: No change in quality, security, or capability of service.12-10©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisTerminology (Cont)Terminology (Cont)Diversity: Ability to receive two signals at the same time.Micro Diversity: Two signals between the same subscriber and base stationMacro Diversity: Two signals from different base stationsIP Diversity: Packets from two IP networksMicro Mobility: Mobility within a single network. No effect outside the network. a.k.a. Local Mobility.Macro Mobility: Mobility between networks. Requires Mobile IP type solution. a.k.a. Global Mobility.12-11©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisMobile IP: ProcessesMobile IP: ProcessesAgent Discovery: To find agentsHome agents and foreign agents advertise periodically on network layer and optionally on datalink They also respond to solicitation from mobile node Mobile can send solicitation to Mobile agent multicast group 224.0.0.11Mobile selects an agent and gets/uses care-of-addressRegistrationMobile registers its care-of-address with home agent.Either directly or through foreign agentHome agent sends a reply to the CoAEach "Mobility binding" has a negotiated lifetime limitTo continue, reregister within lifetime12-12©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisProcesses (Cont)Processes (Cont)Return to Home:Mobile node deregisters with home agent sets care-of-address to its permanent IP addressLifetime = 0 DeregistrationDeregistration with foreign agents is not required. Expires automaticallySimultaneous registrations with more than one COA allowed (for handoff)12-13©2006 Raj JainCSE574sWashington University in St. LouisEncapsulation/TunnelingEncapsulation/TunnelingHome agent intercepts mobile node's datagrams and forwards them to care-of-addressCare of Address can be the Foreign Agent or it can be co-located in the mobile hostHome agent tells local nodes
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