Mobile IPv6 Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 Jain cse wustl edu These slides are available on line at http www cse wustl edu jain cse574 06 Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 1 2006 Raj Jain Overview IPv6 Overview Extension Headers Neighbor Discovery Address Auto configuration Mobile IPv4 vs IPv6 Route Optimization Return Routability Procedure Cryptographically Generated Addresses CGAs Fast Handover Hierarchical Mobile IPv5 HMIPv6 Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 2 2006 Raj Jain IPv6 Overview Prefix Global Routing Prefix Subnet ID 64b Interface ID g u 8b 56b 128 bit addresses 64 bit Prefix 64 bit Interface ID lsb of MSB u universal or local interface ID g group ID Routers advertise network prefix Colon hex notation 3FFE 0200 0000 0000 0000 0012 F0C8 79CA 3FFE 0200 0012 F0C8 79CA Unspecified Address Flow Label SA DA Label One flow Scoped Addresses Link Local Site Local Extension headers Routing Hop by Hop Destination Options Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 2006 Raj Jain 13 3 Address Auto Configuration Stateful Using DHCP Stateless Hosts can make a global address using advertised network prefix Interface identifier should be unique Stateless No one needs to keep record of what address was allocated Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 4 2006 Raj Jain Mobile IPv4 vs IPv6 1 2 3 4 No need for a foreign agent Route optimization Secure Route optimization New extension header in place of tunneling Less overhead Less state 5 Neighbor discovery in place of ARP More general L2 6 Dynamic home agent discovery returns a single reply Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 5 2006 Raj Jain Binding Updates Binding Update Registration New Mobility Header MH Type 5 Binding Update Each binding update has a Sequence Number Mobile keeps track of last seq for each destination Home agent performs Duplicate Address Detection DAD updates binding cache sends binding ack New network prefix and default router unreachable Network change Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 6 2006 Raj Jain Route Optimization Correspondent Home Agent Mobile Node Shortest path in both directions Mobile sends a binding update to the correspondent New Destination Option Home Address HoA Option HoA option is used in all packets Correspondent replaces SA with HoA before passing to upper layer Dest Option Header CN HoA TCP Pkt Upper layers Washington University in St Louis CN HoA CoA On media CSE574s 13 7 CN CoA TCP Pkt HoA TCP Pkt 2006 Raj Jain Route Optimization Cont SA and destination option addresses are interchanged before transmission and after reception In the reverse direction New header type Routing Header type 2 contains home address DA and Routing header type 2 addresses are interchanged before transmission and after reception Binding error message Sorry I don t have a binding for this HoA IP in IP tunneling will require 4 addresses instead of 3 with new headers Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 8 2006 Raj Jain Return Routability Procedure Mobile must prove to correspondent that it owns both HoA and CoA Mobile does not share any secret with correspondent Correspondent send messages to HoA and CoA Mobile responds correctly if it receives both Mobile Correspondent Home Agent Home Adr Test Init HOTI Care of Adr Test Init COTI HOTI COT with one half of a key HOT with another half of key HOT Here is another nonce Binding Update Authenticated Binding Ack Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 9 2006 Raj Jain Return Routability Procedure Cont Mobile starts this test Sends HoTI via HA with a cookie CN generates Home Keygen Token First 64 HMAC SHA1 Kcn HoA nonce 0 CN returns HoT containing MN s cookie Home keygen token and CN s nonce index Mobile sends CoTI directly to CN with another cookie CN generates Care of Keygen Token First 64 HMAC SHA1 Kcn CoA nonce 1 CN returns CoT containing MN s cookie Co Keygen Token CN s nonce index Mobile constructs a key and sends an encrypted binding update Kbm Sha1 Home Keygen Token Care of Keygen Token Auth data First 96 MAC Kbm Mobility data Mobility data CoA final dest address Mobility Header data Final Address CN s Home address if CN is mobile Washington University Dest in St Louis CSE574s 2006 Raj Jain 13 10 Cryptographically Generated Addresses IPv6 address includes 64 bit interface id A node can generate Interface ID using its public key on network prefix 64 bit Interface ID First 64 Hash home prefix public key context 0xFCFF FFFF FFFF FFFF C Universal and group bits on the interface id are zero Mobile node can sign the binding update using its private key Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 11 2006 Raj Jain Fast Handover AP1 AR1 Mobile AP2 AR2 Who is the router for AP2 Proxy Solicitation AR2 is the router N2 is prefix Proxy Advertisement What Address Can I use Fast Binding Update Use Adrx Binding Ack Hi This is Adrx Fast Neighbor Advertisement Welcome to our network Neighbor Advertisement Ack Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 12 Mobile wants an Adr Handover Initiate Use Adrx Handover Ack 2006 Raj Jain Fast Handover Cont Ask AR1 about router for AP2 Router Solicitation for Proxy w list of Access Points AR1 returns Proxy Router Advertisement w at least one prefix AR1 sends Handover initiate HI message to AR2 and sets up a tunnel AR2 does DAD and send Handover Ack Hack Mobile sends Binding update to AR1 AR1 sends Binding Ack to old CoA or new CoA Mobile sends Fast Neighbor Advertisement F NA to AR2 AR2 returns Fast Neighbor Advertisement Ack to Mobile Mobile can use CGA to avoid HI Hack Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 13 2006 Raj Jain Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 HMIPv6 Regional Home Agent Mobile Anchor Point MAP Regional CoA address Regional CoA Mobility Anchor Point Correspondent Access Router 1 BU3 Access BU1 Router 2 Home Address Home Agent BU2 Mobile Local Node CoA Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 14 2006 Raj Jain Summary IPv6 has a new mobility extension header Two way optimal route using binding updates with correspondent Security using Return Routability procedure Fast handover using local mobility Hierarchical anchors to minimize mobile overhead Washington University in St Louis CSE574s 13 15 2006 Raj Jain Reading Assignment Text Books Dixit and Prasad Chapter 16 pp 335 439 Murthy and Manoj Section 4 3 pp 158 172 Other Books Hesham Soliman Mobile IPv6 Addison Wesley 2004 ISBN 0201788977 Key RFCs RFC 3775 Mobility Support in IPv6 RFC 4068
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