J6 r tt fol J Mnt pHysro ocy4s2iss2 EXAM 2 1 Friday March 28 2003 1 0 0 1 5 0P M INSTRUCTIONS Pleasemark your name and 8 digit IJB person number clearlyon the answersheet Fill in the correspondingcircleson the answersheet Pleasemark your answerscarefully on the answersheetwith a 2 pencil IMPORTANT NOTE IF YOU ERASE PLEASE DO SO COMPLETELY Thereis only one best answer for eachquestion This examconsistsof pages including this page and ll questions Pleasecheck that your copy has ail pages All queslionscarry equalrveight Pleasereadthe questionscarefully You may keep the examinationfor study Answers will be postedacrossthe hall from Q ShermanHall immediatelyalter the exam Be sureto make a list of your answers before ieaving the examroom so that you can gradeyourselfon this exam INSTRUCTORS WILL NOT ANWER QUESTIONS DURING THE EXAM CIIEATING ON EXAMS In an effort to decrease thetemptationto cheaton hourlyandfinal examswe askethat you follow theprocedures listedbelow 1 2 3 4 5 Keepyour answersheetcoveredexceptwhenaddingan answer Whencreatingyour own list of answersto checkagainstthekey please write smallandbe asdiscreteaspossible Pleaseinform oneofthe instructorsas soonaspossibleifyou suspect someone is cheating Your commentswill be keptconfidential Remember that accordingto Universitypolicy a persongiy 4g answersis equallyas grilty asa personreceivinqanswers Theultimatepenaltyfor cheatingis dismissallrom the University For questions1 12 useansNer A ifthe g4ldlg statementis TRUE and answer B if glXjgllof the statementis FALSE t tt lV I Both the epithelialgobiet cells and the subepithelialmucusglandscontnbutemucus t to thegel layerof rhe E9bducrs 3 surfac tensionin the alveoli 2 Surfactantproducedby alveolartype I cells decreases andstabilizeslung alveoliofdifferent size F l i The ability to forcefirlly expire air from tie lung will not be affectedin a person wlose spirnl columnis severedat the l vel of the 1ls thoracicvertebme i r r u f A 4 TLC RV VC il i t L i r rv 1r hmgcompliance in a personwith enphysemaprimarilybecause l 5 FRCincreases 4 deereases l f 6 At TLC both the cle stwall and thejung exert a force that decreaseslung volume 1 8 IfiE remainsthe sameanda pulmonaryembolismoccursin a patient thenthe efiective usefuJ V6 will decrease I 9 TheVA Q ratio is higher at the top oflhe ltng than at the bottom ofthe lung 10 Thediffirsingcapacityofthe lung DL doesnot changeduringexercise dioxide is carriedin the blood mostly in the fiom ofHCOi andmost ofth i lCarbon HCO ris groduced in theplasma ri 12 Carbondioxide in the arterialblood PaCO2 isgrimarily responsiblefor regulating the medullary respimtionat restin a normalindiriduatb direclly stimulating chemoreceptors rr li I T 7 You would expectthat a personwith pulmonary fibrosis would have a breathing A pattemcharacterizedby a low lidal vglume and increasedfrequencyof breathing L a Usethe following diagrarnto answerquestions13 16 Eachaoswer A E may be usedmoie ihan onc or not at all Us the BEST estimatefor eachquestion F c 1 oQ r N IC t n 40 60 80 Po z m m Hg fi t3 Caozin an individual with c4gqamonoxidq poisoning 50 saturationofllb L n ar i odividual who movesfromsealerel to an ffaoz altinrdeof 10 000Gerwirhir I day 15 Ctu2 in an ifldividual with anemiadueto the lossofblood t C 16 Crc2 in a normalindividual who is exercisingat nearma irnal capacity Usethe following 3 answersfor questionsl7 20 A increase B decreases C remainsthe same H 17 InapalienlwiLhemphlsema rheresidual rolume 18 In a patientwith blockedakwaysin anypart ofthe lung the Ve Q ratio I 19 If the Paozdecreasesbelow50 mm Hg GJ th dischareefojlglcJ bodies g 20 Hypoxic pulmonaryvasoconstrictionmay result ifthe Peoz l of the clLritid I Choosethe oneBEST answerfor questions 21 25 21 1 belevel oftone contraction iD the smoothmusclesrmoundingthe conductingzone airways is increased by stimulationofB2 rec pt ji al lr t is decreased by blockadeofmuscarioicacetylcholine receptors i hasno effec1on the FEVIIFVC raho or y a and b aretrue a b and c are tlue L Lungcompliance a rj c d e would be decreasedin an infant with respiratorydistresssyndrome b is determinedprimarib by the elasricflbers ofthe hmg in a normal individual P c is greaterat TLC than at FRC i idj only a and b aretrue e 4 b a n d cfi e A u e 23 Which ofthe following will causea decreasein the FEVI FVC ratio a b c d a decreasein expiratorymusclestrength an increasein airway rcsistance a decrease in hmgrecoil i only a and b aretrue abandc aretrue Whichofthe following will causean increasei the wo of breathing an increaseia thqdeosiryofelastic fibers in the hulg b an incrcasein surfacferlproduction c an increasein airway diameter d only a andb ale true 4 b andc aretlue 25 In a patientwith emphysena a b c d 9 pulmonaryvascularresistanceincreasese the difftrsing capacig ofthe lung Dr decreases the blood hemalocrilmay increase only a aqd b aie true a b andc ale true 6 The contractileelementofa skeletalmuscle is the G b satcomeresarcolemma c nucleus d sarcoplamsicreticulum e mitochondria 27 Pu1theseeventsof excitation contruction couplingin the correctorderof occurrence 1 Endplatepotentialstigger actionpotentials 2 Transverse tubulesconveyactionpotentialsinto the inteior ofthe muscle fiber 3 Acetylcholine bindsto receptorson themotorendpiate 4 Bindingsitesoo actir arcuncovered allowingmyosinto bind andcarry power out strokes jiom the sarcoplasmic 5 Ca is released reticuluin 6 Chemicallyregulat dion channelsopen causilgdepolarization 7 Ca ionsbindto troponic C pullingon tropomyosinexposingbindingsite on actin a 5 3 2 t 4 7 6 o t z s z c 4 1 3 7 2 6 5 d 2 4 7 6 3 1 5 e 3 6 1 5 7 2 4 28 Duringisometriccontactionsofa skeletalmuscle the activetensiondevelopedis proportionalto the numbff of cross bridges formed active b cross bridges do not cycle c thetensiondeveloped is independent ofthe initial lengthofthe muscle d the sarcomerestravel ftom their maximal to minimal lengthover the physiologicalrangeof contraction e all of theaboveanswersarecorrect 29 Duringisotoniccontactionsofa skeletalmuscle the velocity of shorteningis ma rimalat the isometricload rbthe velocity ofcontraction decreasesasthe resistanceis increased force velocityrelationship up to the isometricpoint once the resistanceexceedsthe maximal force the musclecan generate the contnction becomesconcentic d the maximal velocity ofcontraction occurcat a resistanceof 507oofthe ma ximal all of the above answers are correct woulddescribethe forcegenerat d by a Oit Whichofthe