BIOL 2050 1st Edition Lecture 31Outline of Last Lecture I. Reproductiona. Female Reproductive Systemb. Fertilizationc. HormonesOutline of Current Lecture II. Review Unit 5Current LectureReview Unit 5- X-Ray diffraction studies that were key to the discovery of the structure of DNAo Rosalind Franklin- Leading and Lagging Strando Leading: continuously synthesized o Lagging: Okazaki fragments- Hershey and Chase Experimento Discovered that DNA is the basis of inheritance- Semiconservativeo Each product has one new and one old strand- Origin of replication is needed in order for DNA to replicate- Order of enzymes used in replicationo Topiosomerase, helicase, single-strand binding proteins, primase, DNA Polymerase III, DNA Polymerase I, ligase- Where and how are new nucleotides added on?o Polymerase on the 3’ end of the growing strand- Telomereso At the end of chromosomes that prevent shortening of genetic material Shorten with age/replication- Heterochromatino Tightly packaged and not expressedo Euchromatin: able to be expressedThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- What is the final of expressed gene?o Polypeptide- Gene Expressiono Mouse fur color results from pigment formed by gene-encoded enzyme- Transcription stageso Polymerase binds to promoter region o Strands separate (unwind)o Begins to elongateo Termination and completed RNA strand - What components form the transcription complex at a eukaryotic promoter?o TATA Boxo Promoter Regiono Starting Pointo RNA Polymeraseo Transcription Factors o Enhancer region- How are modifications made?o Splicing out intronso 5’ capo Poly A tail- Translationo A site: acceptor, tRNA comes ino P site: elongation of peptideo E site: exit
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