WILD 3580 1st Edition Lecture 39 Outline of Last Lecture I Skeletal System II Teeth Outline of Current Lecture I Anatomy of teeth II Tooth Adaptations III Head Ornamentation IV Locomotion Current Lecture I II III Anatomy of teeth Enamel covers the crown Dentine makes up the bulk of the tooth Pulp cavity contains blood vessels and nerves Cementum binds tooth to the jaw Tooth Adaptations Cusp patterns occlusal surface 1 Bunodont low rounded cusps a Usually quadrate b For an omnivorous diet c Unspecialized 2 Lophodont cusps form transverse ridges lophs a Herbivore adaptations b Eating plant material c Run across the tooth 3 Selenodont cusps form crescent shaped ridges a Run along the midline of the body b Also for herbivore diets 4 Sectorial Carnassial cusps form blade like cutting edges that shear against the tooth in the opposing jaw a Carnivorous diet b Teeth act as scissors Head Ornamentation These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute IV Derived from the dermis Horns antlers occur in two orders Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla Types o True Horns Bovidae family of the Artiodactyla Inner boney core with keratin sheath Unbranched Permanent never shed Occur in males and females o Pronghorns Antilocapridae Similar to true horns Annually sheds keratin sheath Branched prong Can occur in both sexes o Giraffe horns Giraffidae Boney core by furred skin Permanent Males and females o Antlers Cervidae No boney core Comprised of bone Shed annually Only in males except in Rangifer tarandus Caribou o Rhinoceros horn Perissodactyla in order Rhinocerotidae No boney core Made entirely of keratin fibers hairs horns Grow continually throughout life Locomotion Terrestrial running on the ground o Characterize by limb modifications foot posture Unguligrade weight borne on the tips of the digits Terminate in hooves Elevated ankle bone Even toed ungulates Artiodactlya o Weight distributed between 3rd and 4th digits Odd toed ungulates Perissodactyla o Weight of symmetry on the 3rd metapodial Plantigrade wrist ankles and digits all touch the ground Ex Humans bears raccoons Digitigrade ankle wrist are elevated and digits touch the ground Ex Most carnivores
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