BIOL 1108 1st Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. RespirationII. Buoyancy Regulation III. Gas Release/Addition IV. Sound reception V. LocomotionOutline of Current Lecture I. LocomotionII. Feeding III. Reproduction and Development Current LectureI. Locomotion- Myomeres: series of muscles along the sides of the body that connect the backbone to the skino Distribution depends on body shaped Serpentine shape- entire body has myomeres Fusiform shape- use lower half/quarter part of the bodyII. Feeding- Jaws and Teetho Pharyngeal Jaws (apparatus)- crushing and holding food o Most fish do not masticate mechanical digestion occurs in stomach - Jaw Protrusiono Ability to move the jaws forward while feeding, independent from the rest of the body Suction feeding- prey gets sucked into predator’s mouth using differences in water pressure in and out the jaws (Ex. Boney fish)- Accelerates the speed of the bite, little movement of the actual body Elasmabranch jaw protrusion - Palatoquadrate (upper jaw) not connected to the skullThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Optimizes angle of bite and faster speed Gill Rakers- projections on the gill arches - Reflect feeding habits: smaller prey= longer, thinner, and more closely spaced rakers - Keeps food from coming out of gills III. Reproduction and Development 1. Larval Stage- the first day after hatching that does not resemble the juvenile or adult stagea. Fertilized larvae juvenile adult b. Fertilization is external- eggs are fertilized outside the bodyc. Spawning: release of the eggs d. Some fish have internal fertilization (ex. Sharks)i. Elasmabrachs and Poecilidae ii. Elasmabrachs have claspers(modified pelvic fins) used to transfer spermiii. Poecilidae have gonopodium 2. Indeterminate Growtha. Grow continually throughout life b. Rate of growth slows down over time Influences- Reproduction – increases in success with size o Female fish produce more eggs as they get largero Mate with larger individuals through sexual choiceo Larger fish can better defend territories - Predator avoidance – increases survivalo Large fish have fewer predators - Feeding- increased feeding opportunities o Can eat both larger or small
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