WILD 3580 1st Edition Lecture 38Outline of Last Lecture I. HairII. ColorIII. Respiratory System IV. Circulatory SystemV. Reproduction Outline of Current Lecture I. Skeletal SystemII. Teeth Current LectureI. Skeletal System- Unique pattern of bone growth o Well defined articular joints End of bone called epiphysis Shaft of bone= diaphysis Middle of bone is the metaphysis, in which bone growth occurs - Doesn’t ossify until maturity 1. Skull- has two functionsa. Protect the brain b. Surface for muscle attachment 2. Axial Skeleton- forms the axis of the body a. Vertebral column and ribcage b. 5 sections:i. Cervical vertebrae- neck, usually 7 - Atlas and Axis- 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae ii. Thoracic vertebrae- articulating with the ribs (12 to 15)iii. Lumbar vertebrae- lower back (4-7)iv. Sacral vertebrae- near and associated to the pelvic girdle These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Often fused with the pelvic girdle to form the sacrum v. Caudal vertebrae- tail; number of vertebrates vary with tail length 3. Appendicular Skeleton- limbs and limb supportsa. Pelvic girdle: support for the hind limbsi. Ilium, ischium and pubis b. Pectoral girdle- for upper limbs i. Clavicle (collarbone) and the scapula (shoulder blade) ii. No skeletal connection to axis skeleton to allow more range of motioniii. Connection from muscles c. Limbs- single proximal bone with two distal bones i. 5 digits many modificationsII. Teeth - Greater degree in tooth differentiation that are adapted for various kinds of foods o Heterodont: vary in structure and function Incisors Canines Premolars Molars o Homodont: similar structure and function o Diphyodont: 2 generations of teeth Deciduous dentition- “milk teeth” Permanent dentition- later on in life o Monophyodont: one set of teeth - Anatomyo Crown: exposed above the jawo Root: set into the jaw Thecodont- Tooth is set into the jaw (like crocs) Brachyodont- “low crowned” tooth- More of the tooth in the root than in the crown- Mostly omnivores,ect. Hypsodont- “high crowned” tooth- More tooth in the crown than in the root - Herbivores,
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