Psych 111 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. MotivationII. EmotionOutline of Current Lecture I. CognitionCurrent Lecture- Cognitiono Thinking not reasoning Not perfect calculators Tend to use quick and efficient strategies to solve problemso Heuristic A thinking strategy that enables quick, efficient judgments.o Base-Rate Neglect Under-using information about prevalence or probability Over-using information about severity- Which of these is a more dangerous illness?o Ebolao Seasonal Flu- How do you define “dangerous illness?”- How SHOULD we define danger?o CDC – both death rate and probability of infection Ebola – 5 new cases in previous 12 months (US) Seasonal flu – 10,000,000 in 2013-2014 (estimated)o Expected deaths Ebola – 4 Seasonal flu – 50,000 0.5% mortalityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 100,000 assuming 1% mortality - Most people define a danger in terms of death rateso Ebola – 75%o Seasonal flu – 0.5% - 1%- Intelligenceo Old topic One of the oldest topics in psychologyo Contentious topic Defining intelligence Bias in intelligence testso Meaningful High scores can open access to resources not previously availableo Original Definition of Intelligenceo Having abilities and skills that predict academic successo What is intelligence? Two parts- Abilityo Quantity of mental resourceso Largely genetic (nature)- Skillo Ability to use mental resourceso Learned strategies for solving problemso Largely environmental (nurture)- Measuring intelligenceo Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test Tests verbal ability and practical problem solving Valid for children only Originally scored within the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) IQ = mental age/actual age x 100- No longer scored this way- 100 is average- 66% of people score between 85-115- 95% of people score between 70-130o Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Intelligence valid for adults Less dependent on verbal abilityo Other thoughts on intelligence Should we think of intelligence as just academic success?- Go General intelligence Made up of a large number of potential abilities - So Specific intelligence Ability to excel in certain areas Many different specific intelligences- Verbal intelligenceo Ability to use words to communicate effectively- Practical intelligenceo Ability to use knowledge to solve practical problems- Social
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