HIST-151.003 1st Edition Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture I. Chapter 22: “WWI: Progressive Crusade @ Home & Abroad, 1914-1920”Outline of Current Lecture II. Chapter 22: “WWI: Progressive Crusade @ Home & Abroad, 1914-1920” cont.- “Bolshevism”- Amer. Exped. Forces (AEF)- Espionage & Sedition Acts- War Industries Board - Wilson’s 14 Points – Self-Determination, Concert of Nations- The Treaty of Versailles + Reparations- The League of Nations- WWI AftermathCurrent Lecture “Bolshevism”- Russian anarchists wanted to rid Russia of the Czar, Nicholas IIo Czar and his whole entire family line was executed- After the execution, Russia’s troops were called out of World War I to fight their own war back home (the Russian Revolution)Amer. Exped. Forces (AEF)- 2 million soldiers, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) – “Dough Boys” replaced the Russian soldiers- Opposed Central Powers - Assisted Allies; not considered Allies – Assimilators - U.S. not fully committed as an ally – considered Assimilators - Many preferred the U.S. to support the Central Powers over the Allies o Large majority of American population was German/Irish American- European immigrants were anarchists – refused to participate in the war - Wilson Administration was forced to generate a conscription (draft)- AEF – segregated entity – helps turns the tide permanently for the AlliesEspionage & Sedition Acts- Congress helped initiate acts to enforce Patriotism – Espionage & Sedition Acts- No German language classes allowed, no listening to Mozart – illegalThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Speaking against the War, or the Wilson Administration as well as supporting the Central Powers or Germany was illegal- Those who disobeyed were thrown in jail, those who still disobeyed while in jail were deported- Acts violated the First Amendment (freedom of speech) – justified because of the war - Laws were immediately eradicated after the war, Congress is still criticized for the Acts to this dayWar Industries Board - Wilson Administration formed Committee of Public Information & the War Industries Board- Citizens/Immigrants can be incarcerated without due processes- Federal programs that silenced dissentience- CPI and WIB were created in tandem – went from town to town – sponsored circuses, fairs, speakers, & rallies to recruit support for the war- Recruited 4 million speakers (minutemen) to speak before church, school, motion pictures, etc. in order to recruit more people and rally up more support- Considered spy networks of the U.S. – eventually established the F.B.I.Wilson’s 14 Points – Self-Determination, Concert of Nations- 1914-1917 Wilson does not go overseaso Spent that time writing up “Points” (solutions) regarding ending the War- The U.S. had no dog in the fight, but wanted – and needed to get involved- 14 points, 14 observations made in order to stop war- By summer of 1917, Wilson boarded a ship to Europe to negotiate - Allies denied Wilson’s Pointso Wilson’s points were spot on, but ahead of their time, Allies did not believe that the points were viable o Points were more useful for WWII – developed the Treaty of Versailles- Called a Concert of Nations – League of Nations – groups of representatives - Asked for freedom of the seas, no more U-Boats and underwater terrorism - Open Covenants, i.e., banning of secret negotiations between nations- Self-Determination of all nations – let all the entities be sovereign stateso Wilson begins losing support from Congress after these notionsThe Treaty of Versailles + Reparations- Dismantled the Ottoman Empire and the Germanic Empire- New nations established – Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Slovenia – land taken away from Germany- Reparations ($) required from the losers – Europe immediately fell into an overnight depression- Treaty did not provide a rebuilding opportunity - Contained the War Guilt Clause – Country that had the most influence in the War was forced to acknowledge that the war was entirely their fault – Germany was the one to blameo Treaty publicly and deliberately disgraced Germany and future German leader, Adolf HitlerThe League of Nations- U.S. does not sign Treaty – Congress does not see it working out- Goes against George Washington’s warning to not entangle in foreign affairs- Without the U.S., the League was doomed – League was no more by mid-1930’so The UN replaced the League later onWWI Aftermath- Prohibition enacted- Women able to vote- Spanish Flu kills 22 million – 700,000 Americans die- WWI costs 180 billion then dollars- Second World War followed shortly after – inevitable- Angst, poverty and anger ensued throughout the world*Do not forget to read All Souls: A Family Story from Southie – The book quiz will be held on Friday, March 27th, the week we return from school*Also, there is NO class this Friday, March 13th - have a safe and fun Spring Break, see you in class on Monday, March 23rdHappy