HIST 151 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. N/A Outline of Current Lecture II. Chapter 16: “Reconstruction 1863-1877”- What was Reconstruction?- Booth & Johnson- 10% Plan- Black Codes- The Freedmen’s Bureau- Constitutional Amendments 13 and 15Current Lecture What was Reconstruction?- The Reconstruction era was considered one of the few periods of time with a precise start date and end date: 1863-1887.- The Reconstruction period is considered the first Civil Rights Movement by some historians, it may have been the only Civil Rights Movement if Lincoln was not assassinated in 1865.- President Abraham Lincoln had already predicted Reconstruction and had devised a planfor it.- One of his plans was to “bind up the nation’s wounds”.- There were four presidents who served during the Reconstruction era: Abraham Lincoln,Andrew Johnson, Ulysses S. Grant, and Rutherford B. Hayes.Booth & Johnson- John Wilkes Booth – an actor, and “psychopath” - devised a plan to kidnap Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and hold him for ransom in hopes that the North would surrender to the South. His plans fell short when the South surrendered to the North at Appomattox Courthouse.- On April 14th, 1865 Booth shot Abraham Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre during the play “Our American Cousin”, Lincoln succumbed to his injuries and died on April 15th, five hours after the incident.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Booth wipes out hope and generosity with one single bullet- Andrew Johnson was Lincoln’s Vice President and polar opposite- Johnson was a southerner, a registered Democrat, and slavery supporter – everything that Lincoln was not.- Johnson was considered “inadequate to the occasion” and was not a suitable candidate to take Lincoln’s place.10% Plan- Also known as the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction- If Lincoln would have lived, Reconstruction would have been vastly different.- Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction was going to allow the Confederate States to re-join theUnion without hassle.- When 10% of eligible residents in a Confederate State sign an allegiance to never take arms up against the Constitution again, the residents are halfway there. (Step 1)- State Legislator’s must re-write their state Constitution and eliminate slavery (Step 2)- Congress does not pass the 10% Plan – it is too lenient to serve as a testament- To this day, the south still sometimes manages to resist Federal authority.Black Codes- Confederate offering – (racism and politicians)- Considered southern retaliation – southern states were still bitter about the loss of the war, their form of revenge on Freedmen was Black Codes- Laws/rules/legal codifications initiated by cities, counties, municipalities, and state governments – written forms of legislation that impeded the colored communities (Blacks) rights- Segregation replaced slaveryThe Freedmen’s Bureau- Created by the Federal Government to represent the 4 million recently-freed former slaves in 1865- Bureau was intended to serve the slaves, but was overpowered by all of the poverty created in the south during the Civil War – ended up assisting white families as well- Woefully understaffed, and awfully underfunded – the charter only lasted two years - 200 hospitals and 500 other institutions (schools, housing) were created with the help ofthe Freedmen’s Bureau.Constitutional Amendments 13 and 15- The 13th Amendment was the only Amendment that Lincoln saw ratified – in effect immediately- Violated the sensibility of the remaining Confederate States- Abolishes slavery and or involuntary servitude in any state- The 15th Amendment addresses the newly Freedmen of the United States- Regardless of race, nationality, ethnicity or servitude – legal voting protection granted for 21-year-olds (male, all