HIST 151 1st Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Chapter 19: “The City and its Workers 1870-1900”cont.II. Chapter 20: “Dissent, Depression, and War 1890-1900”Outline of Current Lecture III. Chapter 19: “The City and its Workers 1870-1900”- William Tweed (Bossism)- Machines & Tammany Hall- Shame of the CitiesIV. Chapter 20: “Dissent, Depression, and War 1890-1900”- Populism- Free Silver v. Gold Standard- William Jennings Bryan’s ‘Cross of Gold’Current LectureChapter 19: “The City and Its Workers 1870-1900”William Tweed and Bossism- William “Boss” Tweed – literally and figuratively ran New York for 30 yearso Ran New York City from a jail cell- Tammany Hall – slang for NYC corrupt politics - Central Park and the Brooklyn Bridge – both contracted up by Tammany Hall and Tweedo Political politics – Tweed in the right place at the right timeMachines and Tammany Hall - Officials duly elected or not – in charge of cities, and municipalities are corrupt – called machineso Machines are in syncopation with political corruptiono Represented as powerful and often unelectedo Democratic party succumbed to corruption- Any major city, municipality, or urban area found itself at the mercy of an un-elected power-thirsty official - Silver lining in machine politics – At least there was some form of political entitieso Still on occasion helped – more active than the actual governmentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Shame of the Cities- Lincoln Steffen – hired by a newspaper to examine political structure o Examined cities like Baltimore, Pittsburgh, New Orleans, New York City- Wrote The Shame of Cities a muckraking exposé - Reflected corruption in not just politicians a machines, but everyoneChapter 20: “Dissent, Depression, and War 1890-1900”Covers the domestic agenda of the last decade of the 19th century as well as covers foreign policy – “The most quintessential decade in the 19th century”Dissent: dissatisfaction Depression: economic turmoil War: War with Spain held in CubaPopulism- Reflects dissatisfied Americans – mainly farmers- Rural Americans extremely dissatisfied – grangerslivingin lawless areas - Hundreds of thousands from all over America – Sharecroppers, tenant farmers, homesteaders- So many in number, they start their own political party – the Populist Party- Got recognized by being elected into minor political roles i.e. Sherriff, dog catcher, mail carriero Eventually some were elected into governor positions- Populists want to address political corruption – Wanted the U.S. to duly elect its senatorsFree Silver v. Gold Standard- The color of money was the #1 conversation across the U.S.- Federal government is based on collateral (There wasn’t any actual collateral)- Government focused on precious metal – Populists saw it comingo Populists start championing unlimited coinage of silvero Silver is the Populists way out of debt o Gold vs. Silver arguments ensued – Populists weren’t schooled in economics William Jennings Bryan’s ‘Cross of Gold’ - William Jennings Bryan – Spokesperson – From Nebraskao Anti-Big-Business and anti-gold – wanted free and unlimited coinage of silver - Made the most famous political speech in U.S. historyo At the Democratic National Nominee Conventiono “Do not crucify mankind on your cross of gold”- Eventually became U.S. Secretary of