BIOL 240 1st Edition Lecture 21Outline of Last Lecture I. Telomere DysfunctionII. Holliday Model of Genetic RecombinationIII. Double Strand Break ModelOutline of Current Lecture I. Genes and metabolic pathwaysII. Systematic mutational analysis of metabolic pathways in NeurosporaIII. Disease mutationsIV. Amino acidsCurrent LectureI. Genes and metabolic pathways- Archibald Garrod demonstrated that alkaptonuria is an inherited disease. He traced the defect to a block in a metabolic pathway, which suggested that genes might control the function of enzymes.II. Systematic mutational analysis of metabolic pathways in Neurospora1. Mutations in multiple metabolic pathways were obtained2. Each mutation was classified on the type of pathway it affected.3. Each mutation was classified further to a specific pathway4. Complementation tests performed on mutations that disrupted the same pathway; this established how many different genes were involved in the pathway.5. Genes were assigned to specific steps in the pathway.III. Disease Mutations- Changes single amino acid in a single protein- Beta-globin proteins fragmented by trypsin digestion and separated by size and chargeIV. Amino Acids- Structureo Primary—linear chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; amino end and carboxyl endThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Secondary—folding of polypeptide chains into alpha helices or beta pleated sheets; result of hydrogen bonding between the amino acidso Tertiary—3D folding of secondary structureso Quaternary—further folding of more than one polypeptide domain; example is
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