RST 100 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture I II III IV V Equity in leisure Constraints Contact Theory Segregation Models of Integration Outline of Current Lecture I II III IV Economically disadvantaged People with disabilities Gender Sexual Minorities Current Lecture Leisure can help lead to inclusion Valuing all people regardless of their differences Leisure can be a means by which people who are different are in included with mainstream society Continuum of inclusion physical functional and social Examples of all three levels Back on your Feet o Not just homeless people but runners o Breaks down racial economic and religious barriers Homeless World Cup o Ways of inclusion People with Disabilities 7 10 of world population has a disability Originally separate but equal in segregated programs Now integration enables persons with disabilities to become full participants Defying Stereotypes These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Leisure and sport settings offer a unique opportunity to challenge stereotypes and empower people o People felt like they were included and also empowered their own personal viewpoint ADA 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act o The ADA is a wide ranging civil rights law that prohibits under certain circumstances discrimination based on disability o Disability is defined by the ADA as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity o Programs facilities that serve the public must be accessible to people with disabilities o Lack of acceptance by staff is the 1 constraint to attending recreation programs INTERPERSONAL Normalization The cornerstone of recreation services for persons with disabilities Provision of typical experiences so persons with disabilities can maintain or develop behaviors that are as normal to their peers as possible o Examples prosthetic legs controversial because prosthetic legs sometimes seen as a better advantage than regular legs Returning Soldiers Recreation and sport important in the healing adjustment process Began roughly around WW1 and WW2 due to returning soldiers with disabilities and trying to adjust back into their normal lives o Wounded Warrior s project Teaches soldiers that have been wounded how to return to their activities just learning how to do it in a different adaptive way o Softball Prosthetics o Paralympic Hockey Females and Leisure Linked between choice and freedom iClicker Feminism belief that women should have economic political and social equality with men Includes empowerment and social change o Women today are stilled paid less than men Feminism and leisure are both based on the qualities of choice and freedom Gender and Leisure Behavior Many similarities but also some differences Children 1927 to present o Male versus female play pattern o Boys have more rough and tumble aggressive exploratory o Girls more bi motor skills sedentary cutting and pasting Study of cooperative cross sex play behavior when boys and girls play together their play behavior becomes more similar 3 8 years If they play separately their play tends to be quite different Tomboys vs girls boys Research studies Metheny in the 1960 s he identified gender stereotypes that influence social acceptability of various sports Identified which types of sports are acceptable for boys and which are acceptable for girls Parents overwhelming encourage children to adhere to sex appropriate sports o Wanting to follow trends Study found high school students attributed greater social status to females in sex appropriate sports Sexual Minorities Refers to hose who do not identify as heterosexual Roughly 3 10 of population In the past categorized as mental illness so we have come a long way Major Issues Gay Marriage o Directly influences the way you live your lifestyle Homophobia LGBT not a uniform group but share negative effects of homophobia o Irrational dislike for those who are sexually attracted to people of their own sex Teasing and bullying often happen in leisure settings o Playground after school in sports Changing due to high profile sports figures coming out Leisure part of the problem AND part of the solution In the past some leisure service organizations have refused participation to gay and lesbian individuals Boy Scouts join can be gay but not leaders To cope people create private safe leisure spaces for themselves and similar others Travel and LGBT Increasingly targeted by a range of tourism businesses DINKs dual income no kids great market to attract in travel businesses Gay friendly or gay tolerant destinations Seek locations where they feel comfortable and welcome Summary There is no equity in leisure o Different groups experience carrying amounts of constraints Leisure settings have the potential to provide equality Accomplished through principles of inclusion and appreciating diversity