RST 100 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture I. Geographya. Density b. Pattern c. ConcentrationII. Place attachmentIII. CrowdingIV. Environmental impacts of leisureOutline of Current Lecture I. DefinitionsII. Morality issuesa. Ideational vs Sensate MentalityIII. Types of Deviancea. Formal, Informal, PlayfulIV. Theoretical ExplanationsV. Types of Activitiesa. Substance Use Current LectureTaboo Recreation Leisure’s Darker Side- Is leisure always wholesome? – OF COURSE NOT- And some of these activities are referred to as purple leisure, marginal leisure, taboo leisure These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Activities on the fringe of social acceptability, often addictive in natureo Should Marijuana be legal?Taboo Recreation- Defined as delinquent activities that bring pleasure to the participants, but to society they can be destructive and negative uses of free time – IF done in excess- Ideational Mentality - believe something is bad based on our own ideas/beliefs (morally derived)o May have never tried it - Sensate Mentality - believe something is bad based on our own experiences o Because you were directly involvedo More popular around the younger crowds Different Types- Formal versus Informal Devianceo Violates formal cultural norms – laws (rape, murder, drug use)o Violates informal cultural norms – customs (yelling at a restaurant, jumping in front of someone in line) Playful Deviance – inappropriate ways of behaving (e.g., raucous dancing,drinking, public nudity-streaking)Reasons for taboo recreation – anomie, differential association, retreatism Why?- Explanations have been sought in attempts to reduce and understand taboo recreation - Three theoretical explanationsAnomie- A feeling of disconnection from mainstream society, a feeling of isolationo Feel like they don’t have to abide through the rules because they feel isolated from the norms- Mismatch between individual circumstances/beliefs and larger social values- Once viable social norms no longer control actions o Shop-lifting, excessive gambling, using illegal drugs - Feeling of not fitting in with larger society – lack of social ethic- Leisure Boredom may provide a situation conducive to anomie, and thus deviant leisure choices Differential Association - Delinquent behavior is learned through interaction with others in intimate personal groups o Likely to do a behavior if your friends do it tooo Particularly during adolescence - Behavior is learned from social and friendship groups…if group is delinquent, deviant forms of leisure may be learnedo Probably didn’t occur with parents, but probably with friends - Impact of peers is even greater if deficiencies at home o If you don’t have a strong social network at home - Research shows that the influence of delinquent others is conditioned by o Priority the friendshipo Time spent togethero Frequency of interactionso Intensity of the group - To reduce influence of group, emotional closeness must be minimized Retreatism- Pull away from dominant social norms as a matter of personal expressiono You do not feel out of the norm, you just do it as a matter so your own expression - Relinquished societally prescribed goalso Not because of isolation, but because again, expression- Engage in pastimes that are antithetical to the conventional order of life- Alternative personal identity created - Essentially people seeking ways to be different Types of Deviant Behavior- Substance Use (drinking and drugs)- Gambling- Porn- VandalismSubstance Use/Abuse- Most prevalent forms of deviant leisure- “Social drinking second only to television as America’s favorite pastime”- Use of these substances for leisure is not a new phenomenon; it has existed since ancient times - Provide temporary escape from everyday life- Euphemism for using drugs is “taking a trip”o Optimal level of arousal Often times need something to match that arousal level May of those activities tend to end up in this type of activityo Low SAE (self-as-entertainment) Get bored easily and need something else for their entertainment - Combined with other recreational activities because it is believed they enhance the funo Cocktails at partieso Beer at baseball gameso Hallucinogens before concerts- Abuse can lead to insurmountable social and personal problems Problems associated with Substance Abuse- Date rapes (90% involve alcohol)- DUIs (half of all fatal highways crashed are alcohol-related, 2 of every 5 Americans will be in an alcohol-related crash in their lifetime)- Crime (survey on inmates convicted of violent crimes – 54% had used alcohol or drugs just prior to committing their crime)- Poor grades (A students ave. 3.6 Drinks/wk, While D or F students ave 10.6)- Female students – relationship between drinking and eating disordersPrevalence of alcohol use- USA TODAY poll found 45% of student leaders cited drinking as their school’s biggest problem- U.S News & World Reporto 40% of all students binge drink within a given 2 week periodo Students in frat/sororities consume 3 times as many drinks per week as other studentso Students at small colleges drink more than students at large universitiesBinge Drinking – The consumption of 5 or more drinks in a 2 hour period for men or 4 or moredrinks in a 2 hour period by women- Heavy binge drinking includes 3 or more such episodes in 2 weeks - Rates of steady – common among college students, but large % involves adults 26 and up - Binge drinkers reported being happier than their non-binge drinking peerso One reason – social environment o Binge drinking connected to higher social statusNegative Health Effects- Injuries- Alcohol Poisoning- Unintended pregnancy- Sexually transmitted diseases- Liver disease- Sexual dysfunction- Neurological damage- High blood pressure, stroke and other cardiovascular diseasesDrinking Age Debate – was 21 a good choice?Lowering the Drinking Age- Current debate regarding the costs and benefits of lowering the drinking
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