Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18PsychologicalHealthCH. 2What is Psychological Health?© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.What Is Psychological Health? •Psychological health includes mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions.•The sum of how we think, feel, relate, and exist in our day-to day-lives.Dimensions of Psychological Health•Mental health: •Emotional health: •Social health: •Spiritual health:What Are Some Characteristics of Pysch Healthy People?© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.Psychologically Healthy People•Feel good about themselves.•Feel comfortable and express respect and compassion toward others.•Manage tension and anxiety 焦焦 .•Curb 焦焦 hate and guilt 焦焦 .•Maintain a positive outlook.•Value diversity 焦焦焦 .•Appreciate and respect nature.Maslow's Hierarchy of NeedsFactors Influencing Psychological Health•Family •Social supports •Community •Self-efficacy and self-esteem 自自 •Personality•Emotional control and maturity 焦焦Strategies to Enhance Psychological Health•Find a support group (i.e. “girl talk”, “time with the bros”, etc).•Complete required tasks (No procrastination).•Form realistic expectations.•Make time for you (Having “Me” time is ok in moderation).•Maintain physical health.•Examine problems and seek health when necessary.•Get adequate sleep (8-9 hours for women, 9-10 men) (Billingham, 2012).What Is Spiritual Health?Elements of Spirituality•Relationships•Values•Meaningful purpose in lifeContributions to Health•Improve immunity 焦焦焦 , cardiovascular 焦焦焦 functionand physiological changes•Spirituality may be defined as an individual's sense of purpose and meaning in life.Strategies for Cultivating Spiritual Health•Train your body.•Expand your mind.•Tune in to yourself and your surroundings.•Reach out to others.Why should we care about this?© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.When Psychological Health Deteriorates•Mental illnesses are disorders that disrupt thinking, feelings, moods, and behaviors. •Nearly 58 million people suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year. •Mental disorders are the leading cause of disability in the United States and Canada for people age 15 to 44.Stress, anxiety, loneliness, and other traumatic events can disrupt our coping resources.Common Anxiety Disorders•Generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)•Phobias (aqua phobia, arachnophobia) •Social phobia (fear of public speaking)•Obsessive-compulsive disorder•Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)•Causes•Biology, environment, social and cultural rolesAnxiety disorders are the number-one mental health problem in the United States, affecting 18% of all adults.Other Psychological Disorders•Personality disorders are patterns of behavior and inner experience that deviate markedly from the individual's culture.•Schizophrenia 自自自自自 is characterized by alterations of the senses, and is a biological disease.•Attention-deficit/hyperactivity 自自自 disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder associated with hyperactivity or distraction.4Psychological Health Through the Lifespan: Successful Aging•The term dementia 自自 is used to describe either reversible symptoms 焦焦焦焦 or progressive forms of brain malfunctioning.•Bereavement 自自自自 is the loss or deprivation experienced when a loved one dies.•Grief 自自 occurs in reaction to significant loss.3SuicideWarning Signs •Recent loss and inability to let go of grief•History of depression•Change in personality•Sexual dysfunction•Expressions of self-hatred/excessive risk-taking•Change in sleep, eating habits, or appearance•Direct or indirect statements•Final preparations (wills, giving away possessions)•Preoccupation with deathPreventing •Monitor signals. •Take threats seriously.•Let the person know how much you care.•Listen.•Ask directly.•Don't belittle feelings.•Help think about alternatives.•Tell your friend's spouse, partner, siblings or counselor.Second leading cause of death on college campuses.2Seeking Professional Help•Evaluation for treatment should include a physical checkup, psychiatric history, and mental status examination.•Pharmacological treatment•What to expect in therapy•Treatment models: behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, drug