HIST 1311 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 8I’ve decided to do this review in multiple segments. The first part will consist of two timelines ofkey events with a brief description. Followed by, some key people and terms.English Monarchy Early Americas• Way Back Whenever- Ancient humans traveled across an ice bridge. It was called Beringia• 1000-200 BCE- Adena, the oldest known civilization in America. This is the start of the "Agricultural Revolution" in the Americas. Corn, Squash, and beans.• 200BCE-500CE- Hopewell civilization• 800-1500CE- Mississippians made funeral mounds that can still be found today. Cahokia, huge civilization with big temples• 850-1250(I'm done with the CE stuff) - Anasazi- the horse shoe village by the mountain.• 1400-1521- Aztecs- They created a subservient empire. They sacrificed slaves to the sun god. Tenochtitlan was the capitol• 1492-1503- Christopher Colombo- landed in America, made contact with the Native Americans.• 1514- First Spanish Settlers land in Cuba, along with Bartolomé de las Casas. Spanish settlers were cruel to the natives and Casas appeals to the Spanish crown to look for slaves in Africa instead of natives.• 1519- Hernan Cortez destroys the Aztec empire, taking their capital utilizing small pox filled blankets• 1524-1682- French settlements pop up around North America.• 1606- Jamestown is established by the Virginia Company. • 1608- Holland is founded and all citizens disappear (tree carved and stuff)• 1609- Starving times in Jamestown. They could not grow food with old techniques and couldn’t make money to import them. John Smith begins talking with the Native Americans to learn their agricultural techniques. John Rolf introduces tobacco.• 1619(really important year)- House of Burgesses in Jamestown is established. This is the first governing body in the English Americas. Gov. They instituted the Headright System, and indentured servitude. Also first confirmed Africans arrive in America as indentured servants.• 1620- Plymouth Bay was made by "pilgrims". They found Squanto who knows English and teaches them to grow stuff so they can survive.• 1628- Massachusetts Bay was established by Puritans. They were governed by the self-established "Elect". Gov. John Winthrop called it "City upon a Hill". Woman could own property, and had many rights in comparison to Jamestown.• 1634- Lord Baltamore established Maryland. The primary crop was sugar and ads for African slaves began to be seen• 1636- Harvard is established• 1650s-1690s- Vice Admiral Courts established in America to enforce customs.• 1660-1662- The House of Burgesses begins to pass legislation legalizing slaves. They set direct punishments to people aiding in the escape and an act that makes slavery inherited.• 1675- Gov. William Barkley begins to prevent expansion by fencing off small land owners land to "protect them".• 1676- Bacons rebellion- Small land owners get mad about the fences (natives jumped over them and they wanted more money).• 1681- Quakers establish Pennsylvania• 1689-1697- King Williams War• 1692- House of Burgesses said freedman got one year then have to get out of Virginia • 1702-1713- Queen Anne's War• 1705- House of B establishes Slaves as Chattel (property)• 1730s-1760s- The Great Awakening. Basically an evangelical revival, led by John Edwards that appealed to the sense of fear. • 1730s-1750s- Ben Franklin is writing poor Richard Almanac• 1740s-1748- King Georges war.• 1754-1762- ***French American War- This one is where the British begin to regulate expansion. Also they leave this army IN PLACE after the war, which is against tradition• 1763- parliament declares the standing army will enforce the Line of Proclamation, preventing expansion. 1/3 of cost will be the colonies• 1764- Parliament establishes the Sugar Act. This put heavy tariffs on foreign sugar andmade British molasses cheaper• 1765- Stamp Act- this put a tax on all paper. Patrick Henry wrights "no taxation without Representation". Colony's make the Stamp Act Congress to appeal to the King• 1765- Quartering Act- Parliament says you got to feed and house this expensive army• 1766-Declatory Act- repeals the Stamp act, but Parliament says they got the right to tax• 1767- Townshend duties- puts taxes on finished goods, such as building materials, tools, and paper. Also gives out Writs of Assistance (warrants without probable cause)• 1770- Boston massacre- unarmed colonists are gunned down by British soldiers. Little is done to the Soldiers• 1773- Tea Act- Gives East India trading company a monopoly on tea by raising tariffs on foreign tea. This causes tea parties (we dress up like scary native Americans and throw your tea in the water), destroying over 10k pounds (currency not weight) of tea destroyed • 1774- Coercive Acts- known as the Intolerable Acts. Closes down Boston Harbor, makes military trials.• 1774- First Continental congress- tries to appeal to the king again and establishes a unified boycott• 1775- Lexington & Concord- first shots of the American civil war. British soldiers demolish the organized militia, so the military uses guerilla warfare to slowly pick off officers• 1775 Second Continental Congress- establishes currency and a commander in chief. Petitions the King with the Olive Branch Petition. Thomas Pain wrights common séance• 1775- Declaration of IndependenceBritish Time Line• 15th Century some time- Prince Henry the Navigator- found the compass and some other tools that helped people sail. • 1492- Columbus- sailed for the Spanish king to find a way to India. • 1514- Bartolomé de las Casas- see above• 1494- Treaty of Tordesillas- Spanish and Portuguese war ended. This allowed Spain to go search for gold• 1517- Martin Luther says the church is corrupt and creates the Puritans. Jean Calvin makes the idea of the Elect• 1519- Cortez- He got a lot of gold causing more interest in America• 15341560s- Act of Supremacy- Henry VIII- guy wanted a divorce, church wouldn’t giveit to him so he passed this. Basically says King before church. This made the New Christen Religions instead of all Catholicism. Queen Marry exiles the new guys. Privateers loot Spanish ships• 1625-1649- Charles I- Parliament believed their role was taxation and stand a army. Charles wouldn’t give them that power• 1645- Oliver Cromwell makes the new model army, composed of mostly