PSYC 304 Unit 2 Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. Changes in SensesII. Age Related Changes in VisionIII. Diseases Related to Retina ProblemsIV. DrivingOutline of Current LectureI. Brain Tour LinkII. The Brain’s Vital StatisticsIII. Brain AnatomyIV. Normal Age Related ChangesV. Models of the Aging Nervous System Current LectureI. Brain Tour Linka. http://www.alz.org/brain/overview.aspb. Brain Imaging Link – www.humanconnectomeproject.org/gallery/c. These links are useful for understanding the brain.II. The Brain’s Vital Statisticsa. Adult Weight – About 3 lbs.b. Adult Size – A medium cauliflowerc. Number of Neurons – 100 billionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.d. Number of Synapses – 100 trilionIII. Brain Anatomya. Cerebral Cortexi. Divided into 4 lobes1. Temporal Lobea. Important for language, memory, hearing, vision2. Occipital Lobea. Visual information received3. Parietal Lobea. Touch, important for vision and attention4. Frontal Lobea. Higher functions, language, thought, memory, motor functionb. Subcortial Structuresi. Amygdala1. Emotions and emotional memoryii. Hippocampus1. Forming memoriesiii. Thalamus1. Processing info from sensesc. Neurons & Glial Cellsi. Neurons1. Basic unit of the brain and nervous system2. Communication between neurons makes behavioral and psychological functions possibleii. Glial Cells1. Support, Nourish & help repair neuronsIV. Normal Age Related Changesa. Brain Weight Decreases (6-8 oz)i. Frontal lobeii. Hippocampusb. Number of Neurons Decreasei. Especially in the hippocampusc. Structure Change in Neuronsi. Neurofibrillary tanglesii. White matter declined. Senile Plaques (beta-amyloid protein)i. DNA damage lowers critical proteinse. Reduction in Acetylcholinef. Reduction in Dopamineg. White Matter Hyper-intensitiesi. Show an increase with ageh. Neuronal Atrophy (shrinking)i. Loss of Synaptic Connectionsj. Evidence of Brain Plasticity (flexibility)V. Models of the Aging Nervous Systema. Neuronal Fallout – losses occur in numbers of neurons and synapsesi. Relevant research: 1. Decrease in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus2. Increase in white matter hyper-intensitiesb. Plasticity – continued growth through Dendritic elaborationi. Relevant Research1. Diet and exercise preserve brain function and
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