PSYC 304 1st Edition Lecture 12Outline of Last Lecture I. MemoryII. Sperling TaskIII. Short Term MemoryIV. Components of Working MemoryV. Long Term MemoryOutline of Current LectureI. Semantic MemoryII. Explicit MemoryIII. Implicit MemoryIV. Lifestyle Factors and MemoryV. Prospective MemoryVI. 2 Types of Prospective MemoryCurrent LectureI. Semantic Memorya. Temporal lobe cortexb. Preserved with agingc. Vocabulary and word knowledgei. But no longer contains details about the time and place in which thelearning occurred.ii. Older adults have better semantic memory than young adultsd. Remembrance of words or concepts (meanings)e. Knowledge – triviaf. Small Age-Related Declinesg. Remembrance of acquired knowledge about the worldII. Explicit Memorya. Consciously studying materials to rememberb. Instructions to deliberately recollect previous eventsc. Intentionally try to remember an item at a time of testd. Task Example: Free RecallThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.e. Large Age-Related DeclinesIII. Implicit Memorya. Priming: prior exposure to item increases speed/accuracy of recognition/recall at later timeb. Does not involve conscious recollectionc. Task: Word Stem Completioni. 1. Look at Words (Ex: Shade, Chair, Print, Truck) Ask them to rate pleasantnessii. 2. Give another task to delay.iii. 3. Later, present stem completion task using words that were presented earlier. (Ex: Sha__, Ch___, Pr___, Tru__)IV. Lifestyle Factors and Memorya. Avoid Smokingb. Dietary Controlc. Maintain Physical Activityd. Avoid Stresse. Practice using Memory Skillsf. Memory Improvement Strategiesi. Simple Practiceii. Form images and associationiii. Increase environmental supportiv. Increase self-efficacyg. Age Related Declines NOT true for all types of memoryh. Memory training studies imply brain “plasticity”i. Consider:i. Type of task (processing required)ii. Role of Contextiii. Fatigueiv. DepressionV. Prospective Memorya. Remember to perform specific task at a future point in time WITHOUT EXPLICIT REMINDERSi. Something has to be done (time-monitor)ii. What has to be done (Retrospective Aspect)iii. Perform the Task (Motivation/Compliance)iv. Remember not to Repeat Taskb. Components:i. Formation of Intentionii. Recall Intention at Appropriate Timeiii. Complete Actioniv. Remember Action has been Completedv. Ex: Removing pot from stove, taking medication according to a prescribed schedule, paying bills, feeding pets, putting gas in carVI. 2 Types of Prospective Memorya. Event – Based:i. Complete when Cue is present1. Give message to friend.b. Time – Based:i. Complete at Specific Time1. Meet friend at 10 am for coffee.a. (Older adults struggle more with this type)c. Spontaneous Recognitioni. Target Cue  Retrieval of Delayed Intentiond. Strategic Monitoringi. Actively search environmente. Cue Recognition:i. Every Day Life VS. Laboratory Tasksii. Older adults- Younger adults-iii. Better Performance Better Performanceiv. Than Younger Adults Than Younger Adultsf. Older adults are as adept as younger adults for detecting emotional information (Positive or Negative