WILD 3580 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I Pigments and Coloration II Skin Glands III Breathing and Respiration Outline of Current Lecture I Breathing and Respiration II Chemoreception III Amphibian Orders Current Lecture I Breathing and Respiration Respiratory structures 1 Gills a Anurans i Usually internal in larval anurans b Caudatans i Usually external 2 Lungs a Caecilians i Skin has less respiratory function large complex lungs b Sirens i Have external gills primarily aquatic small smooth lungs 3 Skin cutaneous respiration a Plethodontidae no lungs i Epithelium of the mouth high vascularization b Ambystomatidae i Head and thoracic region area of gas exchange is close to important organs c Hellbender i Aquatic internal gills and wrinkled folds of skin surface area These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II Chemoreception Sensory areas 1 Olfactory epithelium skin in the nasal cavity primary sense of smell a Complexity depends of importance of organism 2 Vomeronasal organ Jacobson s organ separate system of nerves a Used primarily for communication within the same species Plethodontidae o Nasolabial grooves between the upper lip to the nostril o Cirri projections from the upper lip seen in some males Caecilians o Tentacles between the eye and nostril Not very important in Anurans Chemoreception in larval amphibians o Many amphibians remain close to their naval sites imprinting senses 3 Neuromast organs detecting vibrations and water pressure like in fish III Amphibian Orders Anura a Ears and sound reception i Well developed ears 1 Tympanum external eardrum 2 Middle ear with ossicles to transmit sound a Change sound waves into vibrations 3 Inner ear with auditory receptors ii Function detection of vocal signals from conspecifics members of their own species 1 Attracting mates 2 Advertising territories b Sound production Mostly males i Vocal cords in the larynx ii Vocal sacs enhance resonate the sound c Vocal intensity i Larger anura louder sound common mechanics ii Intensity is used for spacing of males territory
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