POLS 021 1st Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. Gender and Ethnic Diversity in Politics1. ALANA Governors and Senators2. Women Governors and Senators3. Presidential Cabinets4. Secretary of Treasury/Defense/LaborII. Public Opinion, Policy Linkages, and Institutional Confidencea. Different kinds of existing Publicsb. Interview Situation Comparisonc. 1936 Mail Surveyd. George Gallupe. Random Samplingf. Polling IndustryOutline of Current Lecture:I. Right Winged Distrust in VaccinationII. American Nations TodayIII. Polling Biasa. Private and Public Pollsb. Polling Alliancesc. Sources of Poling BiasIV. Three Roles of Politiciansa. Delegateb. Trusteec. Interest Groupsd. Political Party These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Current Lecture:Right Winged Distrust in Vaccination:There is a right winged movement against vaccinations. The MMR vaccine controversy centers on the 1998 publication that lent support to the later discredited claim that autism disorders are linked to the combines measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The scientific consensus is that no evidence links the MMR vaccines to the development of autism, and that this vaccine’s benefits greatly outweigh its risks. Michel Bachmann claimed that the HPV vaccine made a woman’s daughter mentally retarded. The reason the right winged party is linked to vaccination criticism is because, from their perspective, the vaccination of children is a form of government control that jeopardizes the freedoms of parents and families. Professor Nelson referred back to polo and the “iron lungs” so many had to live through. He disagrees with vaccination criticism because vaccines have greatly improved overall wellbeing. American Nations Today:Map Regions: Yankeedom, New Netherland, The Midlands, Tidewater, Greater Appalachia, The Deep South, El Norte, The Left Coast, The Far West, First Nation, and France. Sources of Polling Bias: 1) Technique2) Sample—has to be random and not representative3) Questionnaire4) Interviewer5) Analyst6) ReporterPush-Polls: Questions that are leading and biased, pushing people to answer a certain wayPublic Polls and Private Polls:- Private Polls are often purchased by the candidates themselves and are generally unreliable. - Analyst can also be biased by tilting or presenting the information in such a way that it favors their chosen candidate. Polling Alliances:CBS News and New York TimesABC News and Washington PostNBC News and Wall Street JournalCNN and OpinionResearch Corporation“Horse Race Journalism”: All sources of news want to have the jump on the breaking storyThe 3 Rolls of Politicians: - The Delegate Role: contends that he/she has been sent to the capital to represent views of their district (do not act independently). - The Trustee Role: They are there to exercise their own judgment—act independently. - Political Role: A combination of the Delegate and the Trustee Roles. Political Party Mobilization has decreased while interest groups (pressure groups) have increased. (E.g. NRA)Interest groups provide information, money and mobilization. Voters indicate why these groups now matter more than political